Table 2.
Laboratory findings of severe COVID-19 patients on admission.
| Laboratory findings | Normal Range | Total (n = 424) | Non-survivor (n = 34) | Survivor (n = 390) | p Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Blood Routine | |||||
| White blood cell count, ×109/l | 3.5–9.5 | 6.0(4.4–7.9) | 8.1(4.5–11.2) | 5.9(4.4–7.5) | 0.004 |
| Platelet count, ×109/l | 125–350 | 222.5(169.0–294.8) | 153.5(95.0–216.8) | 230.5(173.0–300.3) | ＜0.001 |
| Neutrophil count, ×109/l | 1.8–6.3 | 4.0(2.9–6.2) | 6.9(3.6–9.5) | 3.9(2.9–5.8) | ＜0.001 |
| Lymphocyte count, ×109/l | 1.1–3.2 | 1.0(0.7–1.4) | 0.6(0.5–0.8) | 1.1(0.8–1.4) | ＜0.001 |
| Hemoglobin, g/l | 115–150 | 125.0(114.0–136.0) | 127.5(114.8–143.5) | 125.0(113.0–135.3) | 0.037 |
| Blood Biochemistry | |||||
| Aspartate aminotransferase, U/l | 8–40 | 29.0(22.0–42.0) | 42.0(28.0–62.5) | 28.0(21.0–40.3) | 0.001 |
| Alanine aminotransferase, U/l | 5–35 | 32.0(20.3–51.8) | 35.4(17.5–55.0) | 32.0(21.0–51.3) | NS |
| Lactate dehydrogenase, U/l | 109–245 | 254.0(195.0–354.8) | 492.0(338.3–617.3) | 243.5(192.0–329.8) | ＜0.001 |
| Total bilirubin, μmol/l | 3.0–20 | 10.9(8.2–15.3) | 14.1(9.7–22.9) | 10.8(8.0–15.1) | 0.007 |
| Albumin, g/l | 33–55 | 31.1(27.1–34.4) | 28.1(25.1–31.7) | 31.4(27.6–34.8) | 0.001 |
| Blood urea nitrogen, mmol/l | 2.9–8.2 | 4.8(3.7–6.6) | 6.5(4.2–9.2) | 4.7(3.6–6.2) | ＜0.001 |
| Creatinine, μmol/l | 41–81 | 67.7(56.8–79.7) | 75.1(65.0–85.2) | 66.1(56.6–79.3) | 0.017 |
| Myocardial Injury Mediators | |||||
| Creatine kinase, U/l | 24–170 | 69.5(43.0–125.0) | 137.5(55.8–263.0) | 68.0(42.0–117.0) | ＜0.001 |
| High-sensitive cardiac troponin I, ng/l | ＜26.2 | 4.1(2.1–10.3) | 19.5(8.1–196.3) | 3.7(1.9–8.0) | ＜0.001 |
| Inflammatory Mediators | |||||
| C-reactive protein, mg/l | 0–8 | 24.1(3.9–66.2) | 83.4(62.3–129.3) | 19.3(3.6–58.9) | ＜0.001 |
| Blood Coagulation | |||||
| D-dimer, μg/ml | 0–0.5 | 0.7(0.3–2.1) | 6.5(0.9–8.0) | 0.6(0.3–1.7) | ＜0.001 |
| Prothrombin time, s | 11.0–16.0 | 13.1(12.5–14.1) | 14.1(13.0–15.1) | 13.1(12.5–13.9) | ＜0.001 |
| International normalized ratio | 0.83–1.36 | 1.0(1.0–1.1) | 1.1(1.0–1.2) | 1.0(1.0–1.1) | ＜0.001 |
| Bacterial Infection Mediators | |||||
| Procalcitonin, µg/l | ＜0.05 | 0.07(0.05–0.14) | 0.21(0.14–0.41) | 0.07(0.05–0.12) | ＜0.001 |
| Lipids | |||||
| TC, mmol/l | 0–5.2 | 4.1(3.5–4.7) | 3.7(3.2–4.6) | 4.1(3.5–4.7) | 0.041 |
| TG , mmol/l | 0–1.7 | 1.3(1.0–1.8) | 1.2(1.1–1.7) | 1.3(1.0–1.8) | NS |
| HDL-C, mmol/l | 1.1–1.74 | 0.9(0.8–1.1) | 0.8(0.6–0.9) | 0.9(0.8–1.1) | 0.001 |
| LDL-C, mmol/l | 0–3.12 | 2.4(1.9–2.9) | 2.2(1.8–2.8) | 2.4(1.9–2.9) | NS |
| apoA-I, g/l | 1–1.6 | 0.8(0.7–1.0) | 0.7(0.6–0.7) | 0.8(0.7–1.0) | ＜0.001 |
| apoB, g/l | 0.6–1.2 | 1.0(0.8–1.1) | 0.9(0.8–1.2) | 1.0(0.8–1.1) | NS |
| Lp(a), mg/dl | 0–30 | 14.2(6.5–25.8) | 14.4(7.0–30.2) | 14.2(6.3–25.4) | NS |
Data are presented as medians (IQR). P values were calculated by Student’s t test, Mann–Whitney U test, as appropriate. P values indicate differences between non-survivors and survivors. Abbreviations: apoA-I, apolipoprotein A-I; apo-B, apolipoprotein B; Lp(a), lipoprotein A; CRP,C-reactive protein.