Table 3.
Logistic regression results with maternal depression, anxiety, and PTSD as outcomes from Wave I of the PEACE Study, data collected between May 21, 2020 to August 17, 2020
| Maternal Depression | Maternal Anxiety | Maternal PTSD | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unadjusted Model | ||||||
| COVID-19 related concerns | ||||||
| Health worries | ||||||
| Low | 1.0 | -- | 1.0 | -- | 1.0 | -- |
| High | 3.34*** | 2.41–4.64 | 4.21*** | 3.00–5.91 | 2.49*** | 1.60–3.86 |
| Grief | ||||||
| Low | 1.0 | -- | 1.0 | -- | 1.0 | -- |
| High | 5.12*** | 3.13–8.38 | 4.99*** | 3.16–7.88 | 5.64*** | 3.47–9.18 |
| Adjusted Model | ||||||
| Maternal age | 0.99 | 0.97–1.03 | 0.97† | 0.95–1.00 | 0.98 | 0.94–1.02 |
| Maternal race | ||||||
| White | 1.0 | -- | 1.0 | -- | 1.0 | -- |
| Black or African American | 1.90 | 0.51–7.07 | 2.49 | 0.64–9.74 | 2.46 | 0.46–13.22 |
| Hispanic or Latino | 0.61 | 0.28–1.30 | 1.06 | 0.46–9.74 | 3.02* | 1.17–7.20 |
| Asian and Pacific Islander | 0.76 | 0.35–1.65 | 0.90 | 0.35–2.31 | -- | -- |
| Other | 0.82 | 0.31–2.12 | 1.22 | 0.41–3.59 | 1.91 | 0.51–7.11 |
| Maternal education | ||||||
| Less than college | 1.0 | -- | 1.0 | -- | 1.0 | -- |
| College | 0.69 | 0.40–1.19 | 1.15 | 0.62–2.14 | 0.68 | 0.33–1.41 |
| Masters | 0.63† | 0.36–1.07 | 0.88 | 0.47–1.65 | 0.55 | 0.26–1.15 |
| Doctorate | 0.83 | 0.45–1.51 | 1.39 | 0.69–2.81 | 0.47 | 0.19–1.16 |
| Household income | ||||||
| <$74,999 | 1.0 | -- | 1.0 | -- | 1.0 | -- |
| $75,000 – 149,999 | 0.82 | 0.53–1.27 | 0.86 | 0.52–1.40 | 1.04 | 0.55–1.95 |
| $150,000 – 224,999 | 0.73 | 0.45–1.18 | 0.68 | 0.39–1.19 | 0.77 | 0.37–1.63 |
| ≥ $225,000 | 0.61† | 0.36–1.04 | 0.79 | 0.43–1.46 | 0.86 | 0.38–1.98 |
| Cohabitating with spouse/partner | ||||||
| No | 1.0 | -- | 1.0 | -- | 1.0 | -- |
| Yes | 1.42 | 0.53–3.80 | 1.18 | 0.40–3.49 | 1.29 | 0.35–4.67 |
| First pregnancy | ||||||
| No | 1.0 | -- | 1.0 | -- | 1.0 | -- |
| Yes | 0.99 | 0.75–1.31 | 0.99 | 0.71–1.37 | 0.76 | 0.48–1.18 |
| Pandemic duration (days) | 0.99 | 0.99–1.00 | 1.0 | 1.00–1.01 | 1.0 | 0.99–1.01 |
| Pre-existing mental health diagnoses | ||||||
| Depression | ||||||
| No diagnosis | 1.0 | -- | 1.0 | -- | 1.0 | -- |
| Diagnosis | 1.91** | 1.30–2.81 | 1.30 | 0.85–2.00 | 1.26 | 0.73–2.17 |
| Generalized Anxiety | ||||||
| No diagnosis | 1.0 | -- | 1.0 | -- | 1.0 | -- |
| Diagnosis | 1.58** | 1.12–2.22 | 2.74*** | 1.88–4.00 | 1.73* | 1.05–2.85 |
| PTSD | ||||||
| No diagnosis | 1.0 | -- | 1.0 | -- | 1.0 | -- |
| Diagnosis | 1.27 | 0.65–2.50 | 1.40 | 0.68–2.89 | 3.73** | 1.76–7.90 |
| COVID-19 related concerns | ||||||
| Health worries | ||||||
| Low | 1.0 | -- | 1.0 | -- | 1.0 | -- |
| High | 3.41*** | 2.42–4.81 | 4.23*** | 2.99–6.08 | 2.56*** | 1.62–4.06 |
| Grief | ||||||
| Low | 1.0 | -- | 1.0 | -- | 1.0 | -- |
| High | 4.82*** | 2.91–8.00 | 4.75*** | 2.95–7.62 | 5.45*** | 3.26–9.10 |
N = 1123
†
p<0.1
*
p<.05
**
p<.01
***
p<.001