Table 4.
Differences in serum fatty acids (μmol/L) and lipids among groups (N=85, mean ± standard deviation).
| Variable | Normal n=10 | Overweight n=24 | Obese Class I n=27 | Obese Class II n=15 | Obese Class III n=9 | P-value* | Adjusted P-value** |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EPA † | 52.7±26.31 | 60.63±27.39 | 72.70±43.85 | 65.27±43.87 | 55.22±18.89 | 0.894 | 0.827 |
| DHA | 135.70±32.92 | 140.25±47.80 | 124.07±49.00 | 128.13±65.02 | 139.33±54.90 | 0.198 | 0.184 |
| α-Linolenic Acid | 67.60±27.43 | 74.67±27.94 | 97.59±44.13 | 78.93±29.88 | 78.22±36.44 | 0.525 | 0.860 |
| Linoleic Acid | 3245.10±526.37 | 3112.75±513.70 | 3499.15±711.39 | 3333.27±495.86 | 3513.11±671.19 | 0.360 | 0.569 |
| Lauroleic Acid | 2.10±0.64 | 2.21±0.47 | 2.60±0.82 | 2.49±0.52 | 2.47±0.81 | 0.175 | 0.469 |
| Lauric Acid | 22.50±13.90 | 17.63±8.40 | 24.52±11.90 | 21.47±6.91 | 20.44±17.88 | 0.515 | 0.977 |
| Myristoleic Acid | 8.50±3.69 | 13.38±6.85 | 19.37±10.45 | 15.27±5.73 | 15.00±9.75 | 0.119 | 0.301 |
| Myristic Acid | 119.60±33.68 | 142.17±50.19 | 182.44±72.66 | 159.60±43.22 | 165.00±127.34 | 0.121 | 0.346 |
| Oleic Acid | 1646.20±281.12 | 1822.25±395.71 | 2041.63±641.02 | 2000.07±534.50 | 2353.00±1100.99 | 0.027 | 0.053 |
| Arachidonic Acid | 749.00±187.61 | 814.67±200.80 | 813.78±298.62 | 788.60±279.87 | 862.78±232.98 | 0.995 | 0.874 |
| Palmitic Acid | 2213.70±346.88 | 2399.42±511.02 | 2768.33 ±690.88 | 2607.27±462.54 | 2973.89±1180.33 | 0.041 | 0.150 |
| Stearic Acid | 802±130.66 | 835.46±166.76 | 889.26±181.47 | 864.00±105.78 | 929.22±326.64 | 0.329 | 0.761 |
| Total Fatty Acids (mM) | 10.10±1.52 | 10.57±1.88 | 11.86±2.77 | 11.29±1.98 | 12.43±4.04 | 0.102 | 0.251 |
| SFA (mM) | 3.35±0.52 | 3.58±0.71 | 4.06±0.95 | 3.83±0.63 | 4.27±1.66 | 0.080 | 0.261 |
| MUFA (mM) | 2.19±0.33 | 2.43±0.53 | 2.79±0.83 | 2.71±0.68 | 3.12±1.41 | 0.019 | 0.047 |
| PUFA (mM) | 4.54±0.77 | 4.55±0.76 | 5.00±1.13 | 4.73±0.85 | 5.01±1.05 | 0.528 | 0.798 |
| Total ω3 (mM) | 0.30±0.07 | 0.31±0.10 | 0.33±0.12 | 0.29±0.13 | 0.30±0.11 | 0.522 | 0.355 |
| Total ω6 (mM) | 4.23±0.70 | 4.20±0.66 | 4.63±1.03 | 4.40±0.75 | 4.70±0.96 | 0.431 | 0.684 |
| ω6/ω3 ratio | 14.53±2.99 | 14.56±4.76 | 14.90±3.66 | 16.89±5.82 | 17.54±7.18 | 0.073 | 0.047 |
| Triene/tetraene ratio | 0.03±0.01 | 0.03±0.01 | 0.03±0.01 | 0.03±0.01 | 0.03±0.01 | 0.470 | 0.437 |
†
EPA, eicosapentaenoic acid; DHA, docosahexanoic acid; SFA, saturated fatty acids; MUFA, monounsaturated fatty acids; PUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acids; ω3, omega-3 fatty acids; ω6, omega-6 fatty acids.
*
P-value for bivariate association with BMI as a continuous variable.
**
P-value for association of markers with BMI as a continuous variable from multivariate linear regression controlling for age, education level, time since diagnosis and exercise.