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. 2020 Jul 8;56(3):449–462. doi: 10.1007/s00127-020-01908-7

Table 3.

Education and income. Incidence rate ratio for health care visits within 4 months index date and total 16 months

Education
 ≤ 4 months before 16 months total
ny Exposure Exposure
Total N 14,182,120 days (N = 29,327 pts.) Mean; var aIRR (CI) 14,182,120 days (N = 29,327 pts.) Mean; var aIRR (CI)
GP
 < 10 years 23607/7696 (3.1) 3.1;6.7 Ref 98890/9786 (10.1) 10.1;72.2 Ref
 10–12 years 28286/9681 (2.9) 2.9;5.6 1.0 (0.9–1.0) 119939/12560 (9.5) 9.5;54.0 0.9 (0.9–0.9)
 12+ years 13509/4875 (2.8) 2.8;4.6 0.9 (0.9–0.9) 56141/6393 (8.8) 8.8;44.8 0.8 (0.8–0.8)
GP-MHC
 < 10 years 1499/940 (1.6) 1.6;0.9 Ref 10711/3253 (3.3) 3.3;4.3 Ref
 10–12 years 2654/1541 (1.7) 1.7;1.1 1.1 (1.0–1.1) 17951/5009 (3.6) 3.6;4.7 1.1 (1.0–1.1)
 12+ years 1871/1066 (1.8) 1.8;1.1 1.1 (1.0–1.1) 10570/2813 (3.8) 3.8;4.8 1.1 (1.1–1.1)
Psychologist
 < 10 years 1319/409 (3.2) 3.2;4.2 Ref 7782/1215 (6.4) 6.4;25.3 Ref
 10–12 years 3277/897 (3.7) 3.7;5.9 1.1 (1.1–1.2) 20969/2697 (7.8) 7.8;32.5 1.2 (1.2–1.2)
 12+  years 2513/668 (3.8) 3.8;6.4 1.2 (1.1–1.3) 16005/1858 (8.6) 8.6;33.8 1.3 (1.3–1.4)
Private psychiatrist
 < 10 years 979/391 (2.5) 2.5;4.8 Ref 6906/1003 (6.9) 6.9;35.9 Ref
 10–12 years 1016/385 (2.6) 2.6;4.9 1.1 (1.0–1.2) 8100/1086 (7.5) 7.4;40.1 1.1 (1.0–1.1)
 12+  years 637/241 (2.6) 2.6;4.0 1.1 (1.0–1.2) 5941/710 (8.4) 8.4;50.9 1.2 (1.2–1.3)
Outpatient psychiatry
 < 10 years 2037/582 (3.5) 3.5;12.3 Ref 19807/2037 (9.7) 9.7;136.2 Ref
 10–12 years 1830/514 (3.6) 3.5;15.1 1.0 (1.0–1.1) 23508/2026 (11.6) 11.6;166.3 1.3 (1.2–1.3)
 12+  years 838/214 (3.9) 3.9;19.9 1.2 (1.1–1.3) 11040/871 (12.7) 12.7;173.7 1.4 (1.4–1.5)
Emergency, short admission
 < 10 years 479/368 (1.3) 1.3;1.0 Ref 1002/635 (1.6) 1.6;2.5 Ref
 10–12 years 477/395 (1.2) 1.2;0.4 1.0 (0.8–1.1) 970/702 (1.4) 1.4;0.8 0.9 (0.8–1.0)
 12+ years 245/184 (1.3) 1.3;1.0 1.1 (0.9–1.2) 485/319 (1.5) 1.5;3.0 1.0 (0.9–1.1)
Hospital admission
 < 10 years 345/281 (1.2) 1.2;0.4 Ref 989/602 (1.6) 1.6;1.8 Ref
 10–12 years 287/250 (1.1) 1.1;0.2 0.9 (0.8–1.1) 960/644 (1.5) 1.5;1.6 1.0 (0.9–1.0)
 12+  years 143/125 (1.1) 1.1;0.2 0.9 (0.8–1.2) 453/308 (1.5) 1.5;1.1 0.9 (0.8–1.0)
Income
 ≤ 4 months before 16 months total
Exposure/Total N 14,744,394 days (N = 30,593 pts.) Mean; var aIRR (CI) 14,744,394 days (N = 30,593 pts.) Mean; var aIRR (CI)
GP
 Lower 33% 22785/7632 (3.0) 3.0;5.9 Ref 93807/9852 (9.5) 9.5;60.6 Ref
 Middle quantile 24578/8009 (3.1) 3.0;6.1 1.0 (1.0–1.0) 103029/10207 (10.1) 10.0;59.9 1.0 (1.0–1.0)
 Upper 33% 21079/7483 (2.8) 2.8;5.2 0.9 (0.9–0.9) 89973/9808 (9.2) 9.1;54.2 0.9 (0.9–0.9)
GP-MHC
 Lower 33% 1777/1103 (1.6) 1.6;0.9 Ref 11435/3499 (3.3) 3.3;4.5 Ref
 Middle quantile 2099/1210 (1.7) 1.7;1.1 1.0 (1.0–1.1) 13961/3877 (3.6) 3.6;4.7 1.1 (1.1–1.1)
 Upper 33% 2332/1338 (1.7) 1.7;1.1 1.0 (1.0–1.1) 14994/4059 (3.7) 3.7;4.6 1.1 (1.1–1.1)
Psychologist
 Lower 33% 1813/506 (3.6) 3.6;5.7 Ref 10564/1432 (7.4) 7.4;33.4 Ref
 Middle quantile 2547/698 (3.6) 3.6;6.2 1.1 (1.0–1.1) 15434/2010 (7.7) 7.7;32.4 1.1 (1.0–1.1)
 Upper 33% 2862/801 (3.6) 3.6;5.6 1.1 (1.0–1.2) 19429/2429 (8.0) 8.0;30.6 1.1 (1.1–1.2)
Private psychiatrist
 Lower 33% 1289/532 (2.4) 2.4;4.4 Ref 9303/1307 (7.1) 7.1;38.9 Ref
 Middle quantile 848/307 (2.8) 2.8;4.8 1.2 (1.1–1.3) 6493/849 (7.6) 7.6;43.4 1.1 (1.0–1.1)
 Upper 33% 610/227 (2.7) 2.7;4.3 1.2 (1.1–1.3) 5901/754 (7.8) 7.8;41.1 1.1 (1.1–1.2)
Outpatient psychiatry
 Lower 33% 2605/687 (3.8) 3.8;15.2 Ref 25132/2256 (11.1) 11.1;163.6 Ref
 Middle quantile 1579/453 (3.5) 3.5;14.5 1.0 (0.9–1.0) 18172/1702 (10.7) 10.7;139.5 1.0 (1.0–1.1)
 Upper 33% 748/234 (3.2) 3.2;11.6 0.9 (0.8–1.0) 13124/1169 (11.2) 11.2;166.6 1.1 (1.1–1.2)
Emergency, short admission
 Lower 33% 527/412 (1.3) 1.3;0.6 Ref 1050/696 (1.5) 1.5;1.9 Ref
 Middle quantile 418/321 (1.3) 1.3;0.9 1.0 (0.9–1.2) 872/561 (1.6) 1.5;2.4 1.0 (0.9–1.1)
 Upper 33% 314/256 (1.2) 1.2;0.7 1.0 (0.9–1.2) 630/463 (1.4) 1.4;1.1 1.0 (0.8–1.1)
Hospital admission
 Lower 33% 343/289 (1.2) 1.2;0.3 Ref 1001/642 (1.6) 1.6;1.6 Ref
 Middle quantile 289/236 (1.2) 1.2;0.4 1.0 (0.9–1.2) 906/546 (1.7) 1.7;2.1 1.1 (1.0–1.2)
 Upper 33% 183/163 (1.1) 1.1;0.2 1.0 (0.8–1.2) 586/426 (1.4) 1.4;0.7 1.0 (0.9–1.1)

Adjusted for: gender, age group, cohabitation, previous mental health problem or substance abuse

IRR Incidence rate ratio, CI 95% confidence interval, aIRR adjusted IRR, var. variance, GP-MHC general practitioner-mental health counseling (talk therapy)