Table 4.
Suitable habitats for rhinoceros and buffalo, their legal status, current/potential population that each site can sustain and possibility of metapopulation structure.
| Protected area name | State, country | Protected status | Rhinoceros | Buffalo | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Habitat size (95% upper CI) Km2 | Habitat size (median) km2 | Habitat size (95% lower CI) km2 | Density (per km2) | Current population | Potential rhino population (minimum) | Habitat size (95% upper CI) Km2 | Habitat size (median) km2 | Habitat size (l95% lower CI) km2 | Density (per km2) | Current population | Potential population (minimum) | ||||
| Jim (Corbett) | Uttarakhand, India | National Park, Tiger Reserve | 375 | 254 | 177 | 1 | 0 | 254(177) | 243 | 134 | 27 | 1 | 0 | 134(27) | Isolated population |
| Katerniagath | Uttar Pradesh, India | Wildlife Sanctuary | 143 | 136 | 116 | 1 | 0 | 136 (116) | 184 | 167 | 145 | 1 | 0 | 167 (145) | Meta population |
| Pilibhit | Uttar Pradesh, India | Tiger Reserve | 222 | 124 | 31 | 1 | 0 | 124(31) | 156 | 63 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 63(3) | |
| Dudhwa | Uttar Pradesh, India | Tiger Reserve | 172 | 72 | 42 | 1 | ~ 60 | 72 (42) | 171 | 35 | 6 | 1 | 0 | 35 (6) | |
| Kishanpur | Uttar Pradesh, India | Wildlife Sanctuary | 7 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 25 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 | |
| Shuklaphanta | Nepal | National Park | 324 | 279 | 145 | 1 | ~ 30 | 279 (145) | 279 | 173 | 32 | 1 | 0 | 173 (32) | |
| Banke | Nepal | National Park | 33 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| Bardia | Nepal | National Park | 387 | 304 | 207 | 1 | ~ 15 | 304 (207) | 106 | 67 | 54 | 1 | 0 | 67 (54) | |
| Valmiki | Bihar, India | Tiger Reserve | 52 | 44 | 33 | 1 | Occasional immigrants from Chitwan | 44 (33) | 35 | 27 | 10 | 1 | 0 | 27 (10) | Meta population |
| Chitwan | Nepal | National Park | 731 | 619 | 502 | 1.4α | ~ 600 | 867 (703) | 689 | 461 | 248 | 1 | Recently introduced population (< 20) | 461 (248) | |
| Parsa | Nepal | Wildlife Reserve | 43 | 38 | 34 | 1 | 0 | 38 (34) | 49 | 29 | 17 | 1 | 0 | 29 (17) | |
| Laukhowa-Bura Chapori Complex | Assam, India | Wildlife Sanctuary complex | 95 | 95 | 75 | 1 | 1 | 95 (75) | 97 | 95 | 58 | 1 | 0 | 95 (58) | Meta population |
| Orang | Assam, India | Tiger Reserve | 63 | 51 | 28 | 2 | ~ 30 | 102 (56) | 65 | 61 | 27 | 1 | 0 | 61 (27) | |
| Kaziranga | Assam, India | National Park | 368 | 368 | 368 | 6α | ~ 2400 | 2208 | 368 | 368 | 367 | 4.2 α | ~ 1600 | 1546 | |
| Gorumara | West Bengal, India | National Park | 43 | 33 | 25 | 0.6 α(2) | ~ 50 | 66 (50) | 70 | 51 | 28 | 1 | 0 | 51 (28) | Isolated population |
| Jaldapara | West Bengal, India | Wildlife Sanctuary | 155 | 134 | 122 | 1.7 α | ~ 230 | 227 (207) | 145 | 103 | 76 | 1 | 0 | 103 (76) | Isolated population |
| Koshi Tappu | Nepal | Wildlife Reserve, RAMSAR Site | 86 | 76 | 50 | 1 | 0 | 76 (50) | 124 | 85 | 34 | 1.4 α | ~ 250 | 250 | Isolated population |
| Royal Manas | Bhutan | National Park | 26 | 17 | 8 | 1 | 0 | 17 (8) | 216 | 138 | 56 | 1 | 138 (56) | Meta population | |
| Manas | Assam, India | National Park | 604 | 532 | 448 | 1 | ~ 30 | 532 (448) | 901 | 670 | 537 | 1 | > 500 | 670 (537) | |
| D'Ering Memorial (Lali) | Arunachal Pradesh, India | Wildlife Sanctuary | 196 | 194 | 192 | 1 | 0 | 192 | 196 | 195 | 186 | 1 | Unknown < 100 | 195 (186) | Meta population |
| Dibru Saikhowa | Assam, India | National Park | 221 | 169 | 84 | 1 | 0 | 169 (84) | 361 | 328 | 270 | 1 | > 100 | 328 (270) | |
| Sonai Rupai | Assam, India | Wildlife Sanctuary | 154 | 139 | 127 | 1 | 0 | 139 (127) | 168 | 143 | 97 | 1 | 0 | 143 (97) | Isolated population |
| Buxa | West Bengal, India | Tiger Reserve | 21 | 10 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 10 (4) | 8 | 0 | 0 | 1 | < 20 | Isolated population | |
| Rajaji | Uttrakhand, India | National Park | 171 | 76 | 34 | 1 | 0 | 876 (34) | 0 | Isolated population | |||||
| Sohagibarwa | Uttar Pradesh, India | Wildlife Sanctuary | 12 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 19 | 5 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 5 | Isolated population | |
| Sohelwa | Uttar Pradesh, India | Wildlife Sanctuary | 165 | 109 | 74 | 1 | 109 (74) | 87 | 26 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 26 (3) | Isolated population | |
| Nameri | Assam, India | Tiger Reserve | 72 | 12 | 0 | 1 | 12 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Isolated population | ||
| Gibbon | Assam, India | Wildlife Sanctuary | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Isolated population | ||||||||
| Sonanadi | Uttarakhand, India | Wildlife Sanctuary | 254 | 233 | 207 | 1 | 233 (208) | 246 | 170 | 67 | 1 | 0 | 170 (67) | Isolated population | |
| Jhilmil Jheel | Uttarakhand, India | Conservation Reserve | 1 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Isolated population | |||||
| Pobitora* | Assam, India | Wildlife Sanctuary | 7 | 4 | 3 | 2.6 α | ~ 100 | *102 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 2.6 α | ~ 100 | *100 | Isolated population |
*Pobitora has extant population of ~ 100 Greater one-horned Rhinoceros and ~ 100 Buffalos.
α Actual know crude density at extant sites.