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. 2021 Feb 11;15:613120. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2021.613120

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Copyright © 2021 Salami.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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The main pathways by which the intestinal and probiotic bacteria influence the cognitive brain function. For simplicity, interconnections between the different pathways are not shown.