The antibacterial activity of ANG. (A) Antibacterial efficacy of recombinant ANG, ANG1, ANG-K40I, ANG1-K40I or bovine serum albumin (BSA) against B. diminuta, S. paucimobilis, Anaerostipes sp. or Blautia sp. Each experiment was performed at least three times independently. (B) PI staining of B. diminuta, S. paucimobilis, Anaerostipes sp. or Blautia sp. after treatment with 0.1 μM of ANG, ANG1 or BSA. Scale bar, 20 μm. (C) Dose–response curve of the indicated bacterium treated with ANG, ANG1 or BSA. each experiment was performed at least three times independently. (D) Scanning electron microscopy micrograph of B. diminuta, S. paucimobilis, Anaerostipes sp. or Blautia sp. after treatment with different concentrations of ANG or ANG1 for 2 hours at 37°C. Scale bar, 1 μm. ANG, angiogenin; PI, propidium iodide.