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. 2021 Feb 11;9:617984. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2021.617984

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Copyright © 2021 Angelova, Angelov, Drechsler, Bizien, Gorshkova and Deng.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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(A) Synchrotron small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) pattern and (B,C) cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM) images of a self-assembled nanoparticulate plasmalogen-phosphocholine (C16:1p-22:5n6 PC)/monoolein (MO)/vitamin E/coenzyme Q₁₀/VPGS-PEG₁₀₀₀ system with a plasmalogen-PC/MO molar ratio of 15/85 (mol/mol) and added vitamin E (10 mol.%) and coenzyme Q₁₀ (1 mol.%). Aqueous phase: 1.10^{− 2} M phosphate buffer containing 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol (BHT). Dispersion content: 5 wt% lipid/95 wt% aqueous buffer. The set of Bragg peaks in (A) indexes an inner cubic structure of the double-diamond Pn3m cubic lattice space group. The bars indicate the (110), (111), (200), (211), (220), (221), (310), and (311) reflections, for which the peak positions are spaced in the ratio √2:√3:√4:√6:√8:√9:√10:√11 … The topologies of the cubosome particles, stabilized by VPGS-PEG₁₀₀₀ (6 mol.%), and coexisting vesicular membranes are presented in (B,C).