Table 1.

Application of the zebrafish xenograft model.

The tumor source	Label	Injected object	Location of injection	Detecting instrumentation	Observed indicator
Patient-derived primary cells Bentley et al. (2015), Lin et al. (2016), Gaudenzi et al. (2017) Fior et al. (2017)	Fluorescent dye (such as CM-Dil) Ghotra et al. (2012), Wertman et al. (2016)	Adult zebrafish Tang et al. (2014), Zhang et al. (2018)	Subcutaneous injection Zhang et al. (2018)	Confocal microscopy/microscopy (Pontes et al., 2017)	Tumor proliferation (Fior et al., 2017; Gamble et al., 2018)
Laboratory human cell lines Lin et al. (2019), Wong et al. (2019), Smith et al. (2013), Chapman et al. (2014), Haldi et al. (2006), He et al. (2012), Corkery et al. (2011), Marques et al. (2009), Weiss et al. (2009), Latifi et al. (2011), Zhao et al. (2009), Ghotra et al. (2012), Vaughan et al. (2015)	Fluorescent protein (such as GFP) Yan et al. (2019)	Embryonic zebrafish (such as 48-hpf embryos) Ghotra et al. (2012), Pruvot et al. (2011)	Orthotopic injection (such as brain) Vittori et al. (2016), Lal et al. (2012), Eden et al. (2015), Wenger et al. (2017), Banasavadi-Siddegowda et al. (2018), Gamble et al. (2018), Casey et al. (2017)	Fluorescence microscopy (Pruvot et al., 2011; Ghotra et al., 2012)	Cell differentiation (Rampazzo et al., 2013)
Laboratory zebrafish cell line Zhang et al. (2018)			Yolk sac Ghotra et al., (2012), Letrado et al. (2018), Wertman et al. (2016)	Histology (Welker et al., 2016)	Cell interaction (Wang et al., 2015; Vazquez Rodriguez et al., 2017; Fornabaio et al., 2018; Labernadie and Trepat, 2018)
			Perivitelline space Nicoli et al. (2007), van der Ent et al. (2014a)	BLI (bioluminescence imaging) (Zhao et al., 2009)	Angiogenesis (Fior et al., 2017; Gamble et al., 2018)
				MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) (White et al., 2008)	Invasion/metastasis/ adhesion (Ghotra et al., 2012; Konantz et al., 2012; Follain et al., 2018; Gamble et al., 2018; Fenizia et al., 2019)
				PET imaging (positron emission tomography) (White et al., 2008)	Cell status (Yan et al., 2019)
				Ultrasound microscopy (Goessling et al., 2007)	Fluorescently labeled nanoparticles/ biodistribution (Sieber et al., 2017; Chen et al., 2019)
				Epifluorescence imaging (Dumartin et al., 2011)	Hemodynamic status (Follain et al., 2018)