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. 2021 Feb 22;45(4):38. doi: 10.3892/or.2021.7989

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Copyright: © Chen et al.

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

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Figure 4. — CK treatment leads to the generation of ROS in renal cell carcinoma cells. (A) Intracellular ROS levels were measured by flow cytometry. (B) Cell viability was measured via an MTT assay. (C) Cell migration was measured by a wound healing assay. (D) Cell invasion was measured via a Transwell invasion assay. (E) Cellular apoptosis was measured. (F) The indicated proteins were measured via western blotting. (G) Caspase-3 activity was analysed. The data are presented as the mean ± SD of at least three independent experiments. *P<0.05, **P<0.01 and ***P<0.001 vs. control group or as indicated. CK, ginsenoside compound K; ROS, reactive oxygen species.