Table 4.
Comparison of our results with the literature
| Study | Study population n | Follow-up Time months | Results | Conclusion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stroke volume | ||||
| Puy [14] | 365 | 6 | Mean (SD) stroke volume 7.6 (23.121) | Increasing stroke volume is associated with lower Global Cognitive Score |
| Munsch [24] | 428 | 3 |
Median [IQR] stroke volume (ml) for good outcome 6 [0–196] Median [IQR] stroke volume (ml) for poor outcome 17 [0–211] |
Higher stroke volume is associated with lower MoCA score |
| Jokinen [9] | 560 | 36 |
Mean (SD) stroke volume (ml) 25.7 (39.8) Stroke volume affected Trail Making, Stroop dots and verbal fluency among others |
Estimated total infarct volume is associated with specific cognitive deficits |
| Nor-COAST | 231 | 3 |
Mean (SD) stroke volume (ml) for mild NCD 4.1 (7) Mean (SD) stroke volume (ml) for major NCD 16.1 (27.7) |
Increasing stroke volume is associated with major NCD |
| White matter hyperintensities (WMH) | ||||
| Puy [14] | 365 | 6 | Median [IQR] WMH score 1 [1–2] | WMH were not associated with Global Cognitive Score |
| Jokinen [9] | 560 | 36 | WMH significantly predicted Trail Making time, verbal fluency and visual reproduction among others. | WMH are associated with specific cognitive deficits post-stroke |
| Molad [16] | 397 | 24 | WMH affected Global Cognitive Score, memory score and executive function score among others | WMH burden was associated with poor post-stroke cognitive performance |
| Nor-COAST | 231 | 3 |
Any NCD group: 49.2% pathological WMH Major NCD group: 58.5% pathological WMH |
WMH pathology is significantly associated with any and major post-stroke NCD |
| Medial temporal lobe atrophy (MTA) | ||||
| Puy [14] | 365 | 6 | Median [IQR] MTA 2 [0–3] | MTA a week determinant of Global Cognitive Score |
| Jokinen [9] | 560 | 36 | MTA is associated with processing speed, executive function, and memory | MTA is a strong predictor of cognitive performance |
| Firbank [36] | 79 | 3 |
Mean (SD) MTA score for no dementia: 2.6 (1.8) Mean (SD) MTA score for dementia: 3.1 (1.9) |
MTA is the strongest predictor of memory function post-stroke |
| Nor-COAST | 231 | 3 |
Normal cognition group: 27.2% pathological MTA Any NCD group: 42.2% pathological MTA |
MTA is associated with any NCD |
| Left hemispheric stroke | ||||
| Puy [14] | 365 | 6 | Percantage of patients with left hemispheric stroke: 47% | Left hemispheric stroke was moderately associated with Global Cognitive Score |
| Dienanta [37] | 32 | 0.5 |
Normal MMSE Score left hemispheric stroke: 53% Abnormal MMSE Score lef hemispheric stroke: 47% |
Left hemispheric stroke was not associated with post-stroke cognitive outcome |
| Sagnier [38] | 265 | 3 | Language, abstraction, and delayed recall performances were associated with left sided stroke | Left sided stroke was associated with cognitive impairment |
| Nor-COAST | 231 | 3 |
Percentage of left hemispheric stroke in normal post-stroke cognition group: 37.6% Percantage of left hemispheric stroke in any NCD group: 51.2% |
Left hemispheric stroke was not associated with mild or major NCD |
| Stratgic stroke | ||||
| Puy [14] | 365 | 6 | Percantage of patients with strategic strokes: 25% | Strategic strokes were strongly associated with Global Cognitive Score |
| Munsch [24] | 428 | 3 |
Median (range) number of eloquent voxels in good outcome group: 25 (0–821) Median (range) number of eloquent voxels in poor outcome group: 138 (0–13,359) |
Strategic strokes were significantly associated with poor cognitive outcome (MoCA) |
| Zhao [25] | 410 | 3 to 6 | Infarcts in left basal ganglia, left and right frontal, left parietal and left occipital influenced the MoCA score most | Strategic infarcts were associated with MoCA score |
| Nor-COAST | 231 | 3 |
Percantage of strategic infarcts in normal cognition group: 9.7% Percantage of strategic infarcts in mil NCD: 9.5% Percantage of strategic infarcts in any NCD: 10.2% |
Strategic infarcts were not associated with mild or major NCD |