| growth inhibition of aquatic plants
caused by silver and titanium
oxide nanoparticles |
the authors established the propensity
of Ag NPs to inhibit
aquatic plant growth such as Lemna, even at a low concentration (parts
per million, ppm) |
(64) |
| |
TiO2 NPs were observed as having toxic consequences
on the growth of the Lemna at a concentration of ≥250 ppm |
|
| evaluating
nanoparticle breakthrough during drinking water
treatment |
the authors reported that nanobased materials/systems employed for drinking
water treatment such as Ag, TiO2, and ZnO NPs have the
high chance of contaminating drinking water resources |
(65) |
| |
despite the extreme preventive measures employed
to limit the
entrainment of these particles into the final stream of drinking water,
yet the finished waters still contained traces of these NPs that pose
health hazards to humans |
|
| |
it was concluded that nanomaterials such as Ag, TiO2, and ZnO NPs are to be considered emerging contaminants and standard
procedures for their effective removal from drinking water should
be prioritized for the sake of public health. |
|
| titanium nanomaterial removal and release from wastewater
treatment
plants |
this study demonstrated that titanium nanomaterials
employed
in wastewater treatment plants end up being discharged into the surface
waters such as lakes, rivers, streams, andoceans, thus presenting
a significant pathway for these NPs to enter the environment |
(66) |
| |
according to the authors, the majority
of the TiO2 NPs released from wastewater treatment effluents
accumulated in
the living components of the environment |
|
| |
it was established that these NPs were
observed to accumulate
in biosolids generally employed in agricultural purposes or human
consumption. |
|
| |
this study established the urgency for the scientific community
to investigate the transport, fate, and health implications of these
NPs in the living and nonliving components
of the environment and to find possible ways to mitigate their potential
negative implications on the environment |
|
| toxic effects of different types of zinc oxide nanoparticles
on algae, plants, invertebrates, vertebrates, and microorganisms |
this work demonstrated that the use of NPs such as ZnO NPs
and their entrainment into the environment could not be overemphasized |
(67) |
| |
it is noted that the ZnO NP presented significant
toxicity
to biological systems such as algae |
|
| |
because the ZnO NP possesses a high number of
oxygen vacancies
on its surface, this presents the opportunity for the stimulation
of electron pairs that may consequently initiate reactive oxygen species
(ROS) with oxygen molecules and hydroxyl ions in living systems which
may trigger toxicity and carcinogenesis and damage lipids and proteins |
|
| silver nanoparticles: toxicity in
model organisms as an overview
of its hazard for human health and the environment |
the
discharge of Ag NPs from wastewater treatment plants remains
a significant source for these materials to enter the environment |
(68) |
| |
bioaccumulation of Ag NPs have the potential
to release silver
ions and can promote reactive oxygen species which have attendant
negative implications for living organisms |
|
