Table 5.
Multilevel logistic regression analysis of individual and community level factors associated with intimate partner violence in Ethiopia, 2016
| Characteristics | Model 1 | Model II (AOR with 95%) | Model III(AOR with 95%) | Model IV (AOR with 95%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age category | ||||
| 15–19(ref) | 1 | 1 | ||
| 20–24 | 1.82 (1.06, 3.13) * | 1.87 (1.09, 3.20) ** | ||
| 25–29 | 1.90 (1.12, 3.20) * | 2.00 (1.17, 3.41) * | ||
| 30–34 | 1.94 (1.08, 3.48) * | 2.02 (1.11, 3.69) * | ||
| 35–39 | 2.13 (1.11, 4.10) * | 2.21 (1.14, 4.31) * | ||
| 40–44 | 2.01 (1.07, 3.76) * | 2.10 (1.12, 3.94) * | ||
| 45–49 | 2.62 (1.46, 4.70) * | 2.79 (1.52, 5.10) * | ||
| Place of residence | ||||
| Urban | 1 | 1 | ||
| Rural | 1.16 (0.72, 1.85) | 1.04 (0.62, 1.75) | ||
| Education | ||||
| No education | 1 | 1 | ||
| Primary | 1.05 (0.72, 1.89) | 1.02 (0.77, 1.36) | ||
| Secondary or higher | 0.52 (0.31, 0.87) * | 0.57 (0.35, 0.91) ** | ||
| Wealth status | ||||
| Poorest | 1 | |||
| Poor | 0.93 (0.72, 1.20) | 0.80 (0.61, 1.04) | ||
| Middle | 0.97 (0.67, 1.40) | 0.84 (0.57, 1.23) | ||
| Richer | 0.80 (0.58, 1.12) | 0.73 (0.51, 1.06) | ||
| Richest | 0.63 (0.40, 0.98) * | 0.58 (0.35, 0.97) * | ||
| Marital status | ||||
| Not in union | 1 | 1 | ||
| In union | 1.39 (0.68, 2.84) | 1.35 (0.66, 2.75) | ||
| Women empowerment | ||||
| Low | 1 | 1 | ||
| High | 0.78 (0.62, 0.89) * | 0.81 (0.63, 1.04) | ||
| Number of household | ||||
| 1–4 | 1 | 1 | ||
| 5–7 | 0.94 (0.72, 1.22 | 0.94 (0.72, 1.23) | ||
| 8–10 | 1.10 (0.69, 1.75) | 1.13 (0.71, 1.79) | ||
| > 10 | 3.83 (1.47, 9.96) * | 3.85 (1.41, 10.54) * | ||
| Number of union | ||||
| Once | 1 | 1 | ||
| More than once | 1.13 (0.76, 1.67) | 1.19 (0.87, 1.63) | ||
| Region | ||||
| Tigray | 0.82 (1.08, 1.82) | 0.86 (0.76, 1.82) | ||
| Afar | 0.50 (0.28, 0.89) * | 0.35 (0.18, 0.69) * | ||
| Amhara | 1.02 (0.73, 2.06) | 1.02 (0.56, 1.87) | ||
| Oromia | 1.03 (0.8, 2.24) | 1.03 (0.57, 1.83) | ||
| Somali | 0.18 (0.09, 0.34) * | 0.12 (0.06, 0.25) * | ||
| Benishangul | 1.02 (0.59, 1.73) | 0.87 (0.47, 1.67) | ||
| SNNPR | 0.84 (0.57, 1.40) | 0.71 (0.39, 1.26) | ||
| Gambela | 1.17 (0.67, 2.01) | 1.047 (0.53, 2.04) | ||
| Harari | 1.71 (0.99, 2.93) | 1.65 (0.86, 3.15) | ||
| Addis Ababa | 1 | 1 | ||
| Dire Dawa | 1.04 (0.65, 1.67) | 1.03 (0.58, 1.83) | ||
| Community media exposure | ||||
| Not exposed | 1 | 1 | ||
| Exposed | 0.76 (0.59, 0.98) * | 0.88 (0.85, 1.29) | ||
| Community women empowerment | ||||
| Low | ||||
| High | 0.67 (0.52, 0.86) * | 0.66 (0.49, 0.89) * | ||
| Community poverty level | ||||
| Low | 1 | 1 | ||
| High | 0.89 (0.67, 1.19) | 0.92 (0.65, 1.31) | ||
| Educational level | ||||
| Low educational attainment | 1 | 1 | ||
| High education attainment | 0.90 (0.68, 1.20) | 0.85 (0.62, 1.19) | ||
AOR: adjusted odds ratio, CI: confidence interval
*p-value < 0.05, **p-value < 0.01