Table 1.
Cox regression analysis of overall survival in sex-specific cohorts. Hazard ratios, concordance using clinical and radiomic risk score (RRS) from GBM tumor subcompartments on Gd-T1w MRI was evaluated and statistical significance (via P-value) has been reported. Cox regression analysis was implemented in a univariable setting for sex and molecular features (MGMT and IDH status), and EOR. Multivariable Cox regression model was implemented for the RRS as well as the combined features. Abbreviations: 95% CI—95% Confidence Interval, C-Index—Concordance Index, MGMT—O-6-Methylguanine-DNA Methyltransferase, IDH—Isocitrate dehydrogenase, EOR—Extent of resection
| A. Cox Regression Analysis in MALE cohort | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Feature | Training Cohort | Independent Test Cohort | ||||||
| Hazard Ratio (95% CI) | C- Index (95% CI) | P-value | Hazard Ratio (95% CI) | C-Index (95% CI) | P-value | |||
| Univariable Analysis | Age | 1.67 (1.5–2.67) | 0.61 (0.53–0.69) | 0.02 * | 2.15 (1.42–3.25) | 0.63 (0.56–0.70) | <0.0001* | |
| Molecular features | MGMT Status | 0.92 (0.69–1.23) | 0.51 (0.45–0.58) | 0.58 | 1.25 (0.90–1.73) | 0.51 (0.45–0.57) | 0.17 | |
| IDH Status | 0.90 (0.66–1.24) | 0.52 (0.46–0.57) | 0.53 | 1.19 (0.79–1.78) | 0.52 (0.48–0.56) | 0.40 | ||
| Extent of Resection (EOR) | 1.16 (0.85–1.58) | 0.51 (0.48–0.54) | 0.34 | 1.38 (1.16–1.64) | 0.65 (0.59–0.71) | <0.0001* | ||
| Radiomic Risk Score (m-RRS) | 2.91 (1.76–4.82) | 0.71 (0.63–0.78) | <0.0001* | 1.73 (1.16–2.58) | 0.73 (0.57–0.89) | 0.0028 * | ||
| Multivariable Analysis | Age + Molecular features + EOR + Radiomic Risk Score | - | 0.73 (0.65–0.81) | <0.0001* | - | 0.88 (0.73–0.99) | <0.0001* | |
| B. Cox Regression Analysis in FEMALE cohort | ||||||||
| Feature | Training Cohort | Independent Test Cohort | ||||||
| Hazard Ratio (95% CI) | C- Index (95% CI) | P-value | Hazard Ratio (95% CI) | C-Index (95% CI) | P-value | |||
| Univariable Analysis | Age | 1.03 (1.01–1.06) | 0.626 (0.52–0.74) | 0.0155 * | 1.02 (1.00–1.04) | 0.60 (0.51–0.69) | 0.12 | |
| Molecular features | MGMT Status | 1.05 (0.75–1.9) | 0.52 (0.42–0.62) | 0.42 | 1.64 (1.11–2.42) | 0.57 (0.49–0.65) | 0.012* | |
| IDH Status | 0.82 (0.50–1.32) | 0.52 (0.45–0.56) | 0.40 | 0.90 (0.55–1.48) | 0.51 (0.44–0.58) | 0.70 | ||
| Extent of Resection (EOR) | 1.14 (0.70–1.84) | 0.50 (0.46–0.54) | 0.60 | 1.64 (1.28–2.09) | 0.67 (0.59–0.76) | <0.0001* | ||
| Radiomic Risk Score (f-RRS) | 2.82 (1.41–5.62) | 0.73 (0.62–0.83) | <0.0005* | 0.61 (0.36–1.02) | 0.67 (0.58–0.76) | 0.046* | ||
| Multivariable Analysis | Age + Molecular features + EOR + Radiomic Risk Score | - | 0.73 (0.62–0.84) | <0.0001* | - | 0.69 (0.61–0.79) | <0.01* | |
*Signifies statistically significance (P < 0.05).