Table 4.
Current Prevalence of Water-pipe Smoking Among Seventh-Grade Students According to Socio-demographic and Relevant Characteristics
| Boys (n, %) | Girls (n, %) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Water-pipe Smoker | No | Yes | P | No | Yes | P |
| Age (year) | ||||||
| 11–12 | 202 (90.2) | 22 (9.8) | 334 (93.8) | 22 (6.2) | ||
| 13 | 474 (78.0) | 134 (22.0) | <0.01 | 453 (92.6) | 36 (7.4) | <0.01 |
| 14–15 | 54 (65.1) | 29 (34.9) | 14 (66.7) | 7 (33.3) | ||
| Father’s education | ||||||
| ≤high school | 320 (78.2) | 89 (21.8) | 414 (91.2) | 40 (8.8) | ||
| >high school | 410 (81.2) | 95 (18.8) | 0.27 | 387 (93.9) | 25 (6.1) | 0.13 |
| Mother’s education | ||||||
| ≤high school | 361 (77.5) | 105 (22.5) | 437 (92.0) | 38 (8.0) | ||
| >high school | 368 (82.1) | 80 (17.9) | 0.08 | 364 (93.1) | 27 (6.9) | 0.54 |
| Daily pocket money (JD)a | ||||||
| <0.25 | 379 (83.1) | 77 (16.9) | 414 (93.7) | 28 (6.3) | ||
| 0.25–0.50 | 207 (79.3) | 54 (20.7) | 0.02 | 273 (95.1) | 14 (4.9) | <0.01 |
| 0.50–0.75 | 96 (72.2) | 37 (27.8) | 77 (83.7) | 15 (16.3) | ||
| >0.75 | 48 (73.8) | 17 (26.2) | 37 (82.2) | 8 (17.8) | ||
| Smoking status of parents | ||||||
| no one smokes | 567 (85.5) | 96 (14.5) | 581 (96.2) | 23 (3.8) | ||
| one of them smokes | 134 (64.4) | 74 (35.6) | <0.01 | 178 (89.0) | 22 (11.0) | <0.01 |
| both of them smoke | 29 (65.9) | 15 (34.1) | 42 (67.7) | 20 (32.3) | ||
| Smoking status of brothers/sisters | ||||||
| no one smokes | 644 (84.8) | 115 (15.2) | 690 (96.0) | 29 (4.0) | ||
| at least one smokes | 84 (54.5) | 70 (45.5) | <0.01 | 111 (75.5) | 36 (24.5) | 0.01 |
| Smoking status of friends | ||||||
| no one smokes | 501 (88.0) | 68 (12.0) | 635 (96.1) | 26 (3.9) | ||
| some of them smoke | 196 (67.1) | 96 (32.9) | <0.01 | 154 (81.5) | 35 (18.5) | <0.01 |
| all of them smoke | 33 (61.1) | 21 (38.9) | 12 (75.0) | 4 (25.0) | ||
| Do smokers have more friends? | ||||||
| more friends | 222 (74.2) | 77 (25.8) | 183 (92.0) | 16 (8.0) | ||
| fewer friends | 237 85.6) | 40 (14.4) | <0.01 | 198 (96.6) | 7 (3.4) | 0.03 |
| no effect/don’t know | 271 (79.9) | 68 (20.1) | 420 (90.9) | 42 (9.1) | ||
| Are smokers more attractive? | ||||||
| more attractive | 229 (75.8) | 73 (24.2) | 233 (89.6) | 27 (10.4) | ||
| less attractive | 169 (80.1) | 42 (19.9) | 0.09 | 149 (95.5) | 7 (4.5) | 0.07 |
| no effect/don’t know | 332 (82.6) | 70 (17.4) | 419 (93.1) | 31 (6.9) | ||
| Does smoking affect weight? | ||||||
| weight gain | 138 (81.2) | 32 (18.8) | 87 (90.6) | 9 (9.4) | ||
| weight loss | 332 (85.6) | 56 (14.4) | 0.36 | 404 (94.8) | 22 (5.2) | 0.02 |
| no effect/don’t know | 260 (72.8) | 97 (27.2) | 310 (90.1) | 34 (9.9) | ||
| Does smoking harm health? | ||||||
| has no effect | 116 (73.9) | 41 (26.1) | 61 (83.6) | 12 (16.4) | ||
| has effect | 614 (81.0) | 144 (18.9) | <0.01 | 740(93.3) | 53 (6.7) | 0.19 |
Note.
a
JD: Jordanian Dinar (1 JD = US $1.4)