Table 4. Decomposition of change in smoking by using multivariable binary logistic regression model in India, 2009–10 and 2016–17.
| Explanatory variables | Percentage change due to | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Rate | Composition | Interaction | |
| Intercept | 501.96 | ||
| Region | |||
| (North)① | |||
| Central | -136.40 | 4.67 | 24.58 |
| East | -95.00 | -0.69 | -4.02 |
| Northeast | -2.08 | 2.27 | -0.31 |
| West | -20.25 | 12.37 | 3.87 |
| South | -50.61 | 2.92 | 2.18 |
| Total | -304.34 | 21.54 | 26.29 |
| Type of Residence | |||
| (Urban)① | |||
| Rural | 34.75 | -0.33 | -1.22 |
| Total | 34.75 | -0.33 | -1.22 |
| Wealth index quintiles | |||
| (Poorest)① | |||
| Poorer | -49.48 | -0.28 | 0.39 |
| Middle | -38.18 | -1.35 | 2.78 |
| Fourth | -42.24 | 0.35 | -1.67 |
| Richest | -40.69 | 0.56 | 3.33 |
| Total | -170.59 | -0.72 | 4.82 |
| Age groups | |||
| (15–24)① | |||
| 25–44 | -21.30 | 34.78 | -3.45 |
| 45–64 | -9.98 | -62.58 | 2.23 |
| 65 and above | -10.38 | 1.83 | -0.28 |
| Total | -41.65 | -25.97 | -1.50 |
| Gender | |||
| (Male)① | |||
| Female | -9.40 | 10.41 | 0.54 |
| Total | -9.40 | 10.41 | 0.54 |
| Education | |||
| (No formal schooling)① | |||
| Upto Primary | -15.07 | 3.02 | 0.93 |
| Upto Secondary | -15.57 | -16.12 | -3.08 |
| Above Secondary | -20.78 | -3.62 | -1.19 |
| Total | -51.42 | -16.72 | -3.34 |
| Occupation | |||
| (Government and non-government employee)① | |||
| Self employed | 80.80 | -5.49 | 42.54 |
| Student | 0.08 | -0.57 | 0.01 |
| Homemaker | 17.84 | 4.56 | -4.27 |
| Retired or unemployed | 5.33 | -0.97 | 0.99 |
| Total | 104.05 | -2.48 | 39.27 |
| Smoking causes serious illness | |||
| (Yes)① | |||
| No | 4.16 | 5.82 | -1.91 |
| Total | 4.16 | 5.82 | -1.91 |
| Smoking causes stroke | |||
| (Yes)① | |||
| No | 2.37 | -8.49 | -0.57 |
| Total | 2.37 | -8.49 | -0.57 |
| Smoking causes heart attack | |||
| (Yes)① | |||
| No | -15.59 | -2.21 | 2.78 |
| Total | -15.59 | -2.21 | 2.78 |
| Smoking causes lung cancer | |||
| (Yes)① | |||
| No | 5.66 | -0.75 | -1.04 |
| Total | 5.66 | -0.75 | -1.04 |
| Smokeless tobacco use causes serious illness | |||
| (Yes)① | |||
| No | 1.77 | -4.94 | -1.01 |
| Total | 1.77 | -4.94 | -1.01 |
| Grand total | 41.24 | 16.60 | 42.17 |
① = Reference category.