Table 3:
Range of predicted state-level average outcomes by race, census region and study sample
| Outcome | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. states | Education | Cognitive | Memory | Vocabulary | Speed | Visual-spatial | |
| Sample | |||||||
| WHICAP – African Americansb | |||||||
| Northeast | 5 | 10.8 −12.7 | -- | 0.4 – 1.0 | 0.4 – 0.6 | 0.4 – 0.8 | 0.4 – 0.6 |
| Midwest | 8 | 11.1 −13.1 | -- | 0.3 – 1.0 | 0.3 – 0.6 | 0.5 – 0.6 | 0.3 – 0.4 |
| South | 17 | 10.1 −13.0 | -- | −0.1 – 1.1 | 0.0 – 0.5 | 0.1 – 0.6 | 0.1 – 0.4 |
| West | 2 | 11.8 −12.5 | -- | 0.6 – 1.0 | 0.3 – 0.5 | 0.4 – 0.4 | 0.3 – 0.4 |
| WHICAP – Whitesb | |||||||
| Northeast | 8 | 13.7 −14.3 | -- | 0.3 – 0.5 | 0.7 – 1.0 | 0.9d | 0.6 – 0.8 |
| Midwest | 6 | 13.4 −14.8 | -- | 0.2 – 0.5 | 0.7 – 1.0 | 0.9d | 0.6 – 0.8 |
| South | 15 | 12.8 −14.1 | -- | 0.0 – 0.4 | 0.2 – 1.0 | 0.9d | 0.2 – 0.9 |
| West | 5 | 13.7 −14.3 | -- | 0.3 – 0.4 | 0.8 – 1.0 | 0.9d | 0.6 – 0.7 |
| HRS – African Americansc | |||||||
| Northeast | 9 | 11.5 – 12.7 | 9.4 – 10.4 | 9.0 – 9.8 | 4.4 – 5.8 | -- | -- |
| Midwest | 12 | 11.5 – 13.2 | 9.4 – 10.4 | 9.0 – 9.5 | 4.7 – 5.4 | -- | -- |
| South | 17 | 9.2 – 12.6 | 8.4 – 10.3 | 8.2 – 9.4 | 3.3 – 5.3 | -- | -- |
| West | 13 | 10.8 – 12.8 | 9.3 – 10.4 | 8.9 – 9.2 | 4.4 – 5.4 | -- | -- |
| HRS – Whites | |||||||
| Northeast | 9 | 12.1 – 13.1 | 11.3 – 11.8 | 10.6 – 11.4 | 5.9 – 6.2 | -- | -- |
| Midwest | 12 | 12.2 – 13.2 | 11.4 – 11.7 | 10.5 – 11.3 | 5.8 – 6.3 | -- | -- |
| South | 17 | 11.4 – 13.3 | 10.6 – 11.6 | 10.3 – 11.4 | 5.0 – 6.3 | -- | -- |
| West | 13 | 12.3 – 13.3 | 11.1 – 11.6 | 10.8 – 11.4 | 6.9 – 6.7 | -- | -- |
a
The number of states represented in the speed in the WHICAP sample was smaller than for the other outcomes (7 in the NE, 6 in the Midwest, 9 in the South and 4 in the West for the white subsample; and 5 in the NE, 6 in the Midwest, 16 in the South and 1 in the West for the African American subsample).
b
The state of childhood residence accounted for no variation for the speed outcome among whites in WHICAP.
c
The number of states represented in the general cognitive status outcome in the HRS African Americans sample was smaller than for the other outcomes (5 in the NE, 9 in the Midwest, 17 in the South and 8 in the West).