Table 1. Collection of quantitative data.
Morphometric data corresponding to thylakoid surfaces and volumes, thylakoid/envelope surface ratio, and chloroplast and cell volumes were collected after SBF-SEM and 3D reconstruction. Chloroplast and cell volumes were also quantified by subsequent confocal microscopy analysis, whereas plastid length was measured using TEM images. Molecular data for galactolipids (GLs) were analyzed by lipidomics, whereas PsbA, PsaC, and PetC were quantified by quantitative immunodetection.
| Method | T0 | T4 | T8 | T12 | T24 | T48 | T72 | T96 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chloroplast volume (µm3) |
SBF-SEM | 12.27 (±2.3) | 9.4 (±4.8) | - | - | 62 (±2.04) | - | - | 112.14 (±4.3) |
| Thylakoid surface (µm2) |
SBF-SEM | - | 67 (±29.5) | - | - | 1476 (±146) | - | - | 2086 (±393) |
| Grana lamellae/total thylakoid surface | - | - | - | - | 2.55 (±0.11) | - | - | 2.08 (±0.57) | |
| Thylakoid/envelope surface | - | 1.02 (±0.15) | - | - | 7.37 (±0.51) | - | - | 6.83 (±1.40) | |
| Length of plastid (µm) |
TEM | 2 (±0.90) | 2.8 (±0.90) | - | - | 5.1 (±1.47) | - | - | 6 (±1.62) |
| Stroma lamellae volume (µm3) | SBF-SEM | 2.43 (±0.95) | - | - | 17.87 (±1.04) | - | - | 29.17 (±1.94) | |
| Chloroplast volume (µm3) |
Confocal | - | - | - | - | 61.5 (±11.2) | 70.1 (±10.2) | 85 (±22) |
- |
| Cell volume (µm3) |
SBF-SEM | 1173 (±284) | 1891 (±362) | - | - | 6103 (±1309) | - | - | 52597 (±12671) |
| Cell perimeter (µm) |
TEM | 55.3 (±14.1) | 46.4 (±6.1) | 71.7 (±19.1) | 92.8 (±22.1) | ||||
| Number of chloroplast per cell | SBF-SEM | 22 (±6) | 25 (±8) | - | - | 26 (±6) |
- | - | 112 (±29) |
| Number of cells per seedling | - | - | - | - | ~3000 | - | - | ~3000 | |
| Protein / GLs surface | 0.19 (±0.05) |
0.23 (±0.04) | 0.34 (±0.03) |
0.52 (±0.07) | 0.80 (±0.14) | 0.80 (±0.17) | 0.78 (0.07) | 0.87 (±0.25) | |
| GLs (nmol/seedling) | Lipidomics | 0.31 (±0.03) |
0.31 (±0.02) | 0.32 (±0.02) |
0.54 (±0.02) | 0.67 (±0.04) | 1.28 (±0.12) | 1.84 (±0.01) | 2.20 (±0.09) |
| PsbA (nmol/seedling) | Immuno-detection | 6.9E-06 (±1.8E-06) | 9.2E-06 (±1.7E-06) | 1.5E-05 (±0.07E-05) | 3.2E-05 (±0.4E-05) | 9.3E-05 (±2E-05) | 2.0E-04 (±0.6E-04) | 3.9E-04 (±0.4E-04) | 6.2E-04 (±1.7E-04) |
| PsaC (nmol/seedling) | Immuno-detection | 1.6E-05 (±0.2 E-05) | 7.3E-05 (±2E-05) | 1.1E-04 (±0.7E-04) | 1.7E-04 (±0.4E-04) | 2.3E-04 (±1E-04) | |||
| PetC (nmol /seedling) |
Immuno-detection | 2.7E-05 (±0.8E-05) | 2.8E-05 (±1E-05) | 2.5E-05 (±0.4E-05) | 5.3E-05 (±2.2E-05) | 1.2E-04 (±0.4E-04) | 1.8E-04 (±0.E-04) | 5.7E-04 (±1.8E-04) | 7.9E-04 (±3.7E-04) |