Table 5.
Changes to treatment at 3-month follow-up
| COVID-19 pandemic period cohort (n=322) | Historical control cohort (n=375) | p value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patient disease status | |||||
| Symptomatic remission | 125/290 (45%) | 143/340 (42%) | 0·96 | ||
| Biochemical remission | 163/255 (64%) | 191/307 (62%) | 0·73 | ||
| Endoscopic remission | 15/45 (33%) | 25/81 (31%) | 0·85 | ||
| Flare in the past 3 months | 79/307 (26%) | 100/365 (27%) | 0·29 | ||
| New IBD therapies | |||||
| Oral mesalazine | 9 (3%) | 13 (3%) | 0·67 | ||
| Topical mesalazine | 13 (4%) | 23 (6%) | 0·23 | ||
| Topical steroids | 6 (2%) | 7 (2%) | 1·0 | ||
| Intravenous steroids | 19 (6%) | 23 (6%) | 1·0 | ||
| Oral steroid | 35 (11%) | 34 (9%) | 0·45 | ||
| Oral prednisolone | 31/35 (89%) | 32/34 (94%) | 0·67 | ||
| Poorly bioavailable corticosteroids* | 4/35 (11%) | 2/34 (6%) | .. | ||
| Thiopurine† monotherapy | 15 (5%) | 25 (7%) | 0·33 | ||
| Anti-TNF monotherapy | 17 (5%) | 27 (7%) | 0·35 | ||
| Anti-TNF and immunomodulator‡ | 7 (2%) | 10 (3%) | 0·81 | ||
| Vedolizumab | 19 (6%) | 17 (5%) | 0·49 | ||
| Ustekinumab | 2 (1%) | 1 (<1%) | 0·60 | ||
| Tofacitinib | 6 (2%) | 7 (2%) | 1·0 | ||
| Readmitted to hospital with active disease | 75/307 (24%) | 81/363 (22%) | 0·32 | ||
| Active IBD and COVID-19 symptoms | 4/79 (5%) | .. | .. | ||
| Active IBD and no COVID-19 symptoms | 71/79 (90%) | 81/81 (100%) | .. | ||
| COVID-19 symptoms and no active IBD | 4/79 (5%) | .. | .. | ||
| Surgery | 26/301 (9%) | 19/358 (5%) | 0·12 | ||
| Emergency surgery | 16/26 (62%) | 9/19 (47%) | 0·38 | ||
| Elective surgery | 10/26 (38%) | 10/19 (53%) | .. | ||
Data are n/N (%) or n (%). p values were calculated by Fisher's exact test or Mann-Whitney U test for discrete and continuous variables, respectively. IBD=inflammatory bowel disease. TNF=tumour necrosis factor.
*
Beclometasone dipropionate and budesonide.
†
Azathioprine, mercaptopurine, or tioguanine.
‡
Thiopurine or methotrexate.