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. 2021 Feb 25;11:4676. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-84307-5

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Subgroup analyses of the associations between lifestyle behaviors and new-onset AF. Subgroup analyses according to male (A) and female (B) are presented. Detailed stratification were additionally performed according to lifestyle behaviors. Smoking was categorized by pack-years, alcohol consumption by average daily alcohol consumption and weekly drinking frequency, and physical activity by the number of moderate- and vigorous-intensity exercise sessions per week. Data regarding lifestyle behaviors were collected during health check-ups as a self-reported questionnaire.