Table 2.

ORs from ordinal logistic regression showing bivariate (crude) relationships between procedural pain and clinical variables

Independent variable	Crude OR (95% CI), p value
Time to QCH	0.9 (0.8 to 0.9), <0.001
Burn size (TBSA %)	1.0 (1.0 to 1.2), <0.01
Baseline pain
Pain in waiting room	4.9 (2.4 to 9.8), <0.001
No pain	1.0 (reference)
Burn depth
Full thickness	5.6 (2.0 to 16.4), <0.01
DDPT	7.8 (3.9 to 15.6), <0.001
SPT	3.1 (1.6 to 5.9), <0.01
Superficial	1.0 (reference)
No of regions burned
4+	6.9 (1.1 to 44.5), 0.04
3	2.7 (1.0 to 7.6), <0.06
2	1.7 (1.0 to 3.0), >0.05
1	1.0 (reference)
Presentation type
Inpatient	0.8 (0.4 to 1.7), 0.55
Outpatient	1.7 (1.3 to 2.3), <0.001
ED	1.0 (reference)
Anatomical region burned
Hand	1.5 (0.9 to 2.5), 0.17
Foot	1.4 (0.8 to 2.5), 0.25
Upper limb burns	0.9 (0.5 to 1.5), 0.57
Lower limb burns	0.9 (0.5 to 1.5), 0.59
Head/neck	0.7 (0.4 to 1.3), 0.21
Back	0.6 (0.3 to 1.4), 0.22
Chest/breast	1.0 (0.5 to 1.7), 0.88
Abdomen	0.9 (0.5 to 1.6), 0.61
Sex
Male	0.9 (0.7 to 1.1), 0.40
Female	1.0 (reference)
Indigenous status
ATSI	0.8 (0.5 to 1.2), 0.23
Not indigenous	1.0 (reference)
Place of birth
Oceania	0.6 (0.2 to 1.3), 0.16
Middle East	2.1 (0.5 to 9.0), 0.30
Europe	1.0 (0.3 to 3.0), 0.99
North America	1.5 (0.1 to 16.5), 0.75
Africa	0.3 (0.0 to 2.3), 0.23
Asia	1.3 (0.6 to 3.0), 0.51
Australia	1.0 (reference)
Burn mechanism
Radiant heat	0.6 (0.2 to 1.9), 0.43
Cooling	1.3 (0.1 to 13.3), 0.81
Chemical	0.7 (0.3 to 2.0), 0.52
Friction	0.6 (0.4 to 1.2), 0.16
Flame	1.0 (0.6 to 1.8), 0.98
Contact	0.8 (0.6 to 1.1), 0.22
Scald	1.0 (reference)
First aid
Undocumented duration	1.1 (0.8 to 1.4), 0.53
Inadequate	0.8 (0.4 to 1.6), 0.48
Adequate	1.0 (reference)

a: 1.0 (reference) indicates the references group for the ordinal logistic regression.

b: p values not adjusted for multiple comparisons.

QCH, Queensland Children’s Hospital; DDPT, deep dermal partial-thickness; SPT, superficial partial-thickness; TBSA, total body surface area; OPD, outpatient department.

ED, emergency department.