Table 1.
Baseline Demographic and Clinical Variables in PHFS and TOPCAT
| PHFS (n = 253) |
TOPCAT (n = 218) |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Not Diabetic (n = 178) | Diabetic (n = 75) | p Value | Not Diabetic (n = 115) | Diabetic (n = p103) | p Value | |
| Demographics | ||||||
| Age (yrs) | 59 (47−72) | 65 (59−74) | 0.002 | 76 (67−82) | 69 (61−77) | <0.001 |
| Male | 101 (57) | 28 (37) | 0.005 | 59 (51) | 63 (61) | 0.14 |
| Ethnicity | 0.038 | 0.10 | ||||
| White | 131 (74) | 43 (57) | 103 (90) | 85 (83) | ||
| Black | 39 (22) | 27 (36) | 9 (8) | 17 (17) | ||
| Other | 8 (5) | 5 (7) | 3 (3) | 1 (1) | ||
| Medical history | ||||||
| CABG | 17 (10) | 15 (20) | 0.022 | 27 (24) | 31 (30) | 0.27 |
| PCI | 28 (16) | 20 (27) | 0.043 | 21 (18) | 35 (34) | 0.008 |
| Hypertension | 109 (61) | 66 (88) | <0.001 | 106 (92) | 100 (97) | 0.11 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 84 (47) | 54 (72) | <0.001 | 82 (71) | 86 (84) | 0.033 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 65 (37) | 20 (27) | 0.13 | 67 (58) | 41 (40) | 0.007 |
| Active smoker | 12 (7) | 3 (4) | 0.40 | 7 (6) | 6 (6) | 0.94 |
| Former smoker | 81 (46) | 46 (61) | 0.021 | 60 (52) | 67 (65) | 0.054 |
| Medications | ||||||
| Beta-blocker | 118 (66) | 54 (72) | 0.37 | 92 (80) | 89 (86) | 0.21 |
| CCB | 49 (28) | 23 (31) | 0.61 | 43 (37) | 42 (41) | 0.61 |
| ACEi or ARB | 100 (56) | 54 (72) | 0.019 | 82 (71) | 82 (80) | 0.16 |
| Statin | 75 (42) | 48 (64) | 0.001 | 75 (65) | 86 (84) | 0.002 |
| Insulin % | 0 (0) | 33 (44) | <0.001 | 0 (0) | 43 (42) | <0.001 |
| Vitals and labs | ||||||
| BMI (kg/m2) | 29 (25−34) | 34 (29−41) | <0.001 | 31 (27−34) | 36 (32−42) | <0.001 |
| SBP (mm Hg) | 123 (110−137) | 131 (117−150) | 0.001 | 122 (110−132) | 128 (118−137) | 0.044 |
| DBP (mm Hg) | 70 (64−81) | 72 (65−79) | 0.85 | 70 (62−78) | 70 (61−78) | 0.83 |
| GFR (ml/min) | 67 (51−81) | 71 (66−82) | 0.004 | 67 (57−78) | 58 (45−74) | 0.011 |
| BNP (pg/ml) | 93 (27−326) | 83 (33−241) | 0.94 | 461 (174−864) | 506 (265−1,311) | 0.21 |
Values are or median (25th to 75th percentiles) or n (%).
ACE = angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB = angiotensin receptor blocker; BMI = body mass index; BNP = brain natriuretic peptide; CABG = coronary artery bypass graft; CCB = calcium channel blocker; COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; DBP = diastolic blood pressure; GFR = glomerular filtration rate; PCI = percutaneous coronary intervention; PHFS = Penn Heart Failure Study; SBP = systolic blood pressure; TOPCAT = Treatment of Preserved Cardiac Function Heart Failure with an Aldosterone Antagonist Trial.