Figure 3.

ECL images of different microbowls: (a) ECL images of Al and Pt microbowls loaded at the ITO surface; (b) the enhancement ratio of ECL intensity between the heterogeneous interface (with different microbowl materials) and the ITO surface; (c) ECL images of Au microbowls with the size of 12 and 8 μm; (d) the enhancement ratio of ECL intensity between the heterogeneous interface (with different microbowl size) and the ITO surface; (e) the simulated electric field at the ITO surface with two adjacent microbowls; (f) the bright-field and ECL images from the adjacent microbowls. The ECL reagents are 5 mM Ru(bpy)₃²⁺ and 50 mM TPrA in 10 mM PBS.