Table 1.
NO and steroidogenesis.
| Authors | Animal | Model | NO Donors Used | NOS Inhibitors Used | Effects |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dave et al., 1997 [10] | Rat | In-vitro granulosa/lutein cells culture | -SNP: 10−3 mol/L, 10−4 mol/L -SNAP: 10−3 mol/L, 10−4 mol/L |
-Progesterone synthesis inhibition in the presence of the nitric oxide donors in a concentration-dependent manner. | |
| Ahsan et al., 1997 [14] | Rat | In-vitro culture of dispersed ovarian cells | -SNP: 10−4 M and 10−3 M | -Progesterone synthesis in cultures of ovarian dispersates dose dependently inhibited by SNP and inversely related to the concentrations of nitrites measured in the culture medium. -Progesterone production stimulated by PGE2 (5 mM). |
|
| Mitsube et al., 1999 [15] | Rat | Ex-vivo perfused pre-ovulatory ovary | -Spermine NONOate: 10 µmol/L and 100 µmol/L | -L-NMMA: 300 µmol/L -AG: 300 µmol/L and 1 mmol/L |
-Steroid concentration in the perfusion media not affected by the NO inhibitors. -NONOate (100 µmol/L) increased progesterone production. |
| Dong et al., 1999 [16] | Rat | In-vitro cultured ovaries | -DETA/NO: 10–6, 10–5, 10–4 M -DETA: 10–4M |
-L-NAME: 10–4 M | -Dose-dependent increase in progesterone synthesis, with a concomitant decrease in ovarian oestradiol secretion caused by DETA/NO. -No effects on progesterone and oestradiol secretion by L-NAME (10−4 M). |
| Masuda et al., 2001 [17] | Porcine | In-vitro granulosa cells derived from small-sized (<3 mm) and medium-sized (3–5 mm) ovarian follicles | -NOC18: 0.01–1.0 mmol/L | -LNMMA: 0.01–1.0 mmol/L | -NOC18 suppressed the basal and gonadotropin-stimulated E2 and inhibited progesterone release from small-sized follicles. -No significant effect on progesterone release from medium-sized follicles by NOC18. -Significant release of E2 and progesterone from both small-sized and medium-sized follicles in the presence of gonadotropin by LNMMA. |
| Van-Voorhis et al., 1994 [13] | Human | In-vitro granulosa-luteal cell | -SNAP -S-nitroso glutathione |
-LNMMA -N-nitro-arginase methyl ester. |
-Inhibitors of NO synthase significantly increased estradiol secretion by granulosa-luteal cells. -NO donors caused a dose-dependent decrease in both estradiol and progesterone secretion. |
| Kagabu et al., 1999 [18] | Human | In-vitro ovarian granulosa-luteal cells | -SNAP: 10−5 M, 10−4 M, 10−3 M -NOC12: 10−4 M, 10−3M |
-Aromatase activity significantly inhibited by treatment with SNAP (10−4 M, 10−3 M) and NOC12 (10−4 M, 10−3 M) in a dose-dependent manner. -Treatment with SNAP at 10−3 M decreased relative aromatase mRNA values and intracellular cyclic AMP concentrations. |
AG—Aminoguanidine bicarbonate; DETA/NO—Diethylenetriamine/nitric oxide; DETA—Diethylenetriamine; L-NAME—NG-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester; L-NMMA—N(G)-monomethyl-L-arginine; NO—Nitric oxide; NOC12—ethanamine 1,1-diethyl-2-hydroxy-2-nitrosohydrazine; NOC18—1-Hydroxy-2-oxo-3,3-bis(2-aminoethyl)-1-trazene; NOS—Nitric oxide synthase; SNAP—S-nitroso-N-acetyl-penicillamine; SNP—Sodium nitroprusside; PGE2—Prostaglandin E2.