Table 3.
Balance, flexibility and muscular strength outcomes between the exercise group and control group at pretest and posttest.
| Physical Fitness | Group | Time 1 Mean (SD) | Time 2 Mean (SD) | p (Within Group, T1–T2) | p (Between Group, T1) | p (Between Group, T2) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dynamic balance (s) | Control (n = 20) | 8.3 (1.29) | 8.4 (1.29) | 0.705 | 0.184 | 0.01 * |
| Exercise (n = 20) | 7.29 (2.21) | 6.42 (1.51) | 0.196 | |||
| Flexibility (cm) | ||||||
| Upper extremity | Control (n = 20) | −9.2 (14.4) | −12.3 (16.6) | 0.011 * | 0.359 | 0.832 |
| Exercise (n = 20) | −19.6 (16.7) | −11 (15.6) | 0.018 * | |||
| Lower extremity | Control (n = 20) | 4.0 (10.8) | 0.2 (11.6) | 0.191 | 0.275 | 0.944 |
| Exercise (n = 20) | −0.92 (5.1) | 4.28 (4.19) * | 0.028 * | |||
| Strength (reps/30 s) | ||||||
| Upper extremity | Control (n = 20) | 23.4 (8.4) | 21.06 (5.38) | 0.093 | 0.672 | 0.037 * |
| Exercise (n = 20) | 24.1 (6.3) | 27.0 (5.8) | 0.027 * | |||
| Lower extremity | Control (n = 20) | 15.6 (4.37) | 13.1 3(3.87) | 0.013 * | 0.158 | 0.025 * |
| Exercise (n = 20) | 19.7(6.58) | 20.14 (7.04) | 0.752 |
* p < 0.05; Data were presented in mean (SD).