Table 1.
Analysis of differences in the main study parameters by the demographic variables (n = 571).
| Gender | Employment Status | Risk Groups | Communication | Keeping Daily Routines | Age | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DASS | ||||||
| Depression | Z = −2.2 p = 0.03 |
Z = −3.8 p = 0.001 |
Z = −1.77 p > 0.05 |
Z = −0.86 p > 0.05 |
Z = −3.26 p = 0.001 |
H(4) = 22.3 p = 0.001 |
| Anxiety | Z = −2.57 p = 0.01 |
Z = −4.1 p = 0.001 |
Z = −0.7 p > 0.05 |
Z = −1.1 p > 0.05 |
Z = −1.08 p > 0.05 |
H(4) = 20.3 p = 0.001 |
| Stress | Z = −4.3 p = 0.001 |
Z = −3.98 p = 0.001 |
Z = −3.3 p = 0.001 |
Z = −0.032 p >0.05 |
Z = −2 p = 0.042 |
H(4) = 29.8 p = 0.001 |
| UCLA | Z = −1.5 p > 0.05 |
Z = −2.4 p = 0.018 |
Z = −0.35 p > 0.05 |
Z = −0.99 p > 0.05 |
Z = −2.67 p = 0.008 |
H(4) = 1.1 p > 0.05 |
| Sense of Community Index | ||||||
| Reinforcement of needs | Z = −1.9 p > 0.05 |
Z = −0.15 p > 0.05 |
Z = −0.5 p > 0.05 |
Z = −0.17 p > 0.05 |
Z = −0.46 p > 0.05 |
H(4) = 6 p > 0.05 |
| Membership | Z = −0.04 p > 0.05 |
Z = −0.18 p > 0.05 |
Z = −0.28 p > 0.05 |
Z = −0.26 p > 0.05 |
Z = −0.37 p > 0.05 |
H(4) = 3.3 p > 0.05 |
| Influence | Z = −0.5 p > 0.05 |
Z = −0.46 p > 0.05 |
Z = −0.02 p > 0.05 |
Z = −0.78 p > 0.05 |
Z = −0.04 p > 0.05 |
H(4) = 3.4 p > 0.05 |
| Shared Emotional Connection | Z = −1.17 p > 0.05 |
Z = −0.43 p > 0.05 |
Z = −0.57 p > 0.05 |
Z = −0.64 p > 0.05 |
Z = −0.37 p > 0.05 |
H(4) = 3.2 p > 0.05 |
| GSE | Z = −1.2 p > 0.05 |
Z = −2.4 p = 0.017 |
Z = −0.79 p > 0.05 |
Z = −1.47 p > 0.05 |
Z = −3.3 p = 0.001 |
H(4) = 6.9 p > 0.05 |
| Adults Subjective Assessment of Participation | ||||||
| Diversity | Z = −2.1 p = 0.039 |
Z = −3.78 p = 0.001 |
Z = −0.68 p > 0.05 |
Z = −0.02 p > 0.05 |
Z = −3.55 p = 0.001 |
H(4) = 23.75 p = 0.001 |
| Stopped activities |
Z = −2.4 p = 0.017 |
Z = −0.33 p > 0.05 |
Z = −1.9 p > 0.05 |
Z = −0.28 p > 0.05 |
Z = −0.31 p > 0.05 |
H(4) = 30.69 p = 0.001 |
| Intensity | t(568) = −1.44 p > 0.05 |
t(569) = 0.09 p > 0.05 |
t(569) = −0.77 p > 0.05 |
t(569) = 1.52 p > 0.05 |
t(569) = −0.59 p > 0.05 |
F(4) = 1.74 p > 0.05 |
| Meaning | Z = −3.1 p = 0.003 |
Z = −4.3 p = 0.001 |
Z = −0.69 p >0.05 |
Z = −0.11 p >0.05 |
Z = −3.45 p = 0.001 |
H(4) = 29.3 p = 0.001 |
| Enjoyment | t(568) = −0.4 p > 0.05 |
t(569) = 1.65 p > 0.05 |
t(569) = 2 p = 0.044 |
t(569) = 1.73 p > 0.05 |
t(569) = −2.3 p = 0.024 |
F(4) = 4.65 p = 0.001 |
| Satisfaction | t(568) = −1.16 p > 0.05 |
t(569) = 2.06, p = 0.04 |
t(569) = −0.57 p > 0.05 |
t(569) = 0.85 p > 0.05 |
t(569) = −2.55 p = 0.011 |
F(4) = 2.11 p > 0.05 |
| Activities at home (%) | Z = −3.6 p = 0.001 |
Z = −4.3 p = 0.001 |
Z = −1.19 p > 0.05 |
Z = −0.35 p > 0.05 |
Z = −0.92 p > 0.05 |
H(4) = 21.6 p = 0.001 |
| Activities alone (%) | Z = −2.5 p = 0.012 |
Z = −2.84 p = 0.01 |
Z = −2 p = 0.041 |
Z = −2 p = 0.045 |
Z = −0.56 p > 0.05 |
H(4) = 16.85 p = 0.002 |
| WHOQOL-BREF | ||||||
| Physical | Z = −2.28 p = 0.024 |
Z = −6.34 p = 0.001 |
Z = −1.65 p > 0.05 |
Z = −2.54 p = 0.011 |
Z = −2.2 p = 0.022 |
H(4) = 5.4 p > 0.05 |
| Psychological | Z = −2.33 p = 0.017 |
Z = −2.78 p = 0.005 |
Z = −0.87 p > 0.05 |
Z = −0.27 p > 0.05 |
Z = −2.5 p = 0.013 |
H(4) = 3.68 p > 0.05 |
| Social | Z = −0.015 p > 0.05 |
Z = −2.4 p = 0.015 |
Z = −1.04 p > 0.05 |
Z = −0.13 p > 0.05 |
Z = −3.2 p = 0.001 |
H(4) = 3.4 p >0.05 |
| Environmental | Z = −0.81 p > 0.05 |
Z = −3 p = 0.003 |
Z = −0.29 p > 0.05 |
Z = −0.35 p > 0.05 |
Z = −0.73 p > 0.05 |
H(4) = 10 p = 0.04 |
Note: DASS—Depression Anxiety Stress Scale; GSE—General Self Efficacy; UCLA—UCLA Loneliness Scale; WHOQOL-BREF—WHO Quality of Life questioner.