Table 2.
Test and biomarker performance in identifying tuberculosis. % (95% CI)
| Test (n = 382) | Sensitivity | Specificity | PPV | NPV | AUROC (95% CI) | Youden’s index |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Any TB symptom | 0 (0–52) | 87 (84–91) | 0 (0–7) | 99 (97–100) | 0.436 (0.419–0.453) | |
| GeneXpert | 20 (1–72) | 99 (98–100) | 25 (1–81) | 99 (97–100) | 0.596 (0.400–0.792) | |
| TST, induration | 0.629 (0.244–1.00) | |||||
| ≥ 5 mm | 50 (7–93) | 79 (74–83) | 3 (0–10) | 99 (97–100) | ||
| ≥ 10 mm | 50 (7–93) | 89 (85–92) | 5 (1–18) | 99 (98–100) | ||
| CRP | 0.683 (0.355–1.00) | |||||
| > 3.3 mg/L | 80 (28–100) | 72 (67–76) | 4 (1–9) | 100 (98–100) | 0.518 | |
| > 5 mg/L | 40 (5–85) | 79 (75–83) | 3 (0.3–9) | 99 (97–100) | 0.193 | |
| > 8 mg/L | 40 (5–85) | 89 (85–92) | 4 (1–15) | 99 (97–100) | 0.286 | |
| > 10 mg/L | 20 (1–72) | 90 (86–93) | 3 (0–14) | 99 (97–100) | 0.099 | |
| Hemoglobin | 0.352 (0.027–0.676) | |||||
| < 8 g/dL | 0 (0–52) | 94 (91–96) | 0 (0–15) | 99 (97–100) | −0.064 | |
| < 10 g/dL | 60 (15–95) | 86 (82–89) | 6 (1–16) | 99 (98–100) | 0.458 | |
| < 15.3 g/dL | 80 (28–100) | 12 (9–16) | 1 (0–3) | 98 (88–100) | 0.082 | |
| MLR (n = 362) | 0.449 (0.141–0.757) | |||||
| > 0.208 | 40 (5–85) | 81 (76–85) | 3 (0–10) | 99 (97–100) | 0.207 | |
| ≥ 0.285 | 0 (0–52) | 94 (91–96) | 0 (0–16) | 99 (97–100) | −0.059 | |
| NLR (n = 360) | 0.540 (0.200–0.879) | |||||
| ≥ 1.5 | 40 (5–85) | 80 (76–84) | 3 (0–10) | 99 (97–100) | 0.200 | |
| ESR (n = 380) | 0.682 (0.436–0.927) | |||||
| ≥ 35.5 mm | 60 (15–95) | 78 (74–82) | 4 (1–10) | 99 (99–100) | 0.381 |
TB Tuberculosis, TST Tuberculin skin test, CRP C-reactive protein, MLR Monocyte to lymphocyte ratio, NLR Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, ESR Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, PPV Positive predictive value, NPV Negative predictive value, AUROC Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve - ROC and 95% CIs estimates derived using “roctab” command in Stata [22]