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. 2021 Feb 25;20:111. doi: 10.1186/s12936-021-03652-y

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 1 — KIR haplotypes. KIR A haplotypes (a, b) are present in all populations worldwide. KIR A haplotype is composed of mainly inhibitory KIR except KIR2DS4. Allelic polymorphism is very high in the KIR A haplotype (KIR3DL1, 3DL2 and 3DL3 exhibit > 100 alleles, and 2DL1 and 2DL3 exhibit ~ 50 alleles). Haplotypes (b) has several activating receptors, with variable number of genes and fewer allelic polymorphisms. Some KIR B haplotypes are composed of combinations of haplotypes (a, b) (CenA-TelB, CenB-TelA). The HLA epitopes bound by some KIRs are known and are indicated as C1, C2 or Bw4