TABLE 3.
Donor characteristics associated with Plasmodium infection status in the overall study population
| Donor characteristics | Plasmodium prevalence, No. (%) | PR (95% CI) | p | Adjusted PR (95% CI) | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age group, years | |||||
| 17–19 | 79 (26.2) | ref | - | ref | - |
| 20–24 | 46 (15.3) | 0.58 (0.42–0.81) | 0.001 | 0.75 (0.54–1.05) | 0.094 |
| 25–29 | 17 (10.2) | 0.39 (0.24–0.64) | <0.001 | 0.55 (0.34–0.90) | 0.018 |
| ≥30 | 12 (5.2) | 0.20 (0.11–0.36) | <0.001 | 0.31 (0.17–0.58) | <0.001 |
| Sex | |||||
| Male | 125 (16.4) | ref | - | ref | - |
| Female | 28 (11.9) | 0.72 (0.49–1.06) | 0.096 | 0.60 (0.42–0.87) | 0.007 |
| Repeat donor | |||||
| No | 137 (19.3) | ref | - | ref | - |
| Yes | 17 (5.9) | 0.31 (0.19–0.50) | <0.001 | 0.44 (0.27–0.72) | 0.001 |
| Blood type | |||||
| O | 72 (14.9) | ref | - | - | - |
| A | 39 (14.4) | 0.97 (0.67–1.38) | 0.848 | - | - |
| B | 36 (17.9) | 1.20 (0.83–1.73) | 0.324 | - | - |
| AB | 7 (16.3) | 1.09 (0.54–2.22) | 0.808 | - | - |
| RhD positive | |||||
| No | 1 (2.4) | ref | - | - | - |
| Yes | 153 (16.0) | 6.55 (0.94–45.63) | 0.058 | - | - |
| Collection site | |||||
| Jinja | 111 (22.6) | ref | - | ref | - |
| Kampala | 43 (8.4) | 0.37 (0.27–0.52) | <0.001 | 0.49 (0.34–0.69) | <0.001 |
| Reactive for any TTI* | |||||
| No | 146 (15.0) | ref | - | ref | - |
| Yes | 8 (32.0) | 2.13 (1.18–3.85) | 0.012 | 1.86 (1.07–3.21) | 0.027 |
Notes: Prevalence ratios were estimated using a modified Poisson regression with robust variance estimation. The multivariable model included adjustment for age group, sex, repeat donor status, collection site, and reactivity for any TTI. RhD status was not included in the multivariable analysis due to collinearity.
*
Reactive serology for Syphilis, HIV, HBV, or HCV.
Abbreviations: HBV = hepatitis B; HCV = hepatitis C; HIV = human immunodeficiency virus; PR = prevalence ratio; Rh = Rhesus factor; TTI = transfusion transmitted infection.