TABLE 4.
Donor characteristics associated with Plasmodium infection stratified by collection location
| Donor characteristics | Plasmodium prevalence, No. (%) | PR (95% CI) | p | Adjusted PR (95% CI) | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jinja | |||||
| Age group, years | |||||
| 17–19 | 69 (31.1) | ref | - | ref | - |
| 20–24 | 25 (15.7) | 0.51 (0.34–0.76) | 0.001 | 0.59 (0.39–0.89) | 0.012 |
| 25–29 | 10 (16.7) | 0.54 (0.29–0.98) | 0.041 | 0.57 (0.32–1.03) | 0.062 |
| ≥30 | 7 (14.0) | 0.45 (0.22–0.92) | 0.029 | 0.45 (0.22–0.93) | 0.032 |
| Sex | |||||
| Male | 87 (26.0) | ref | - | ref | - |
| Female | 24 (15.3) | 0.59 (0.39–0.88) | 0.011 | 0.64 (0.43–0.97) | 0.033 |
| Repeat donor | |||||
| No | 98 (26.4) | ref | - | ref | - |
| Yes | 13 (10.8) | 0.41 (0.24–0.70) | 0.001 | 0.55 (0.32–0.96) | 0.036 |
| Blood type | |||||
| O | 52 (21.0) | ref | - | - | - |
| A | 28 (22.6) | 1.08 (0.72–1.62) | 0.720 | - | - |
| B | 27 (28.1) | 1.34 (0.90–2.00) | 0.151 | - | - |
| AB | 4 (18.2) | 0.87 (0.35–2.17) | 0.761 | - | - |
| RhD positive | |||||
| No | 1 (10.0) | ref | - | - | - |
| Yes | 110 (22.9) | 2.29 (0.35–14.79) | 0.385 | - | - |
| Reactive for any TTI* | |||||
| No | 107 (22.2) | ref | - | ref | - |
| Yes | 4 (50.0) | 2.26 (1.11–4.60) | 0.025 | 1.44 (0.72–2.88) | 0.299 |
| Kampala | |||||
| Age group, years | |||||
| 17–19 | 10 (12.5) | ref | - | ref | - |
| 20–24 | 21 (14.8) | 1.18 (0.59–2.38) | 0.638 | 1.09 (0.54–2.19) | 0.817 |
| 25–29 | 7 (6.6) | 0.53 (0.21–1.33) | 0.175 | 0.55 (0.22–1.39) | 0.201 |
| ≥30 | 5 (2.8) | 0.22 (0.08–0.63) | 0.005 | 0.23 (0.08–0.68) | 0.008 |
| Sex | |||||
| Male | 38 (8.9) | ref | - | ref | - |
| Female | 4(5.1) | 0.57 (0.21–1.55) | 0.270 | 0.40 (0.15–1.10) | 0.075 |
| Repeat donor | |||||
| No | 39 (11.5) | ref | - | ref | - |
| Yes | 4 (2.4) | 0.21 (0.08–0.58) | 0.002 | 0.31 (0.11–0.87) | 0.026 |
| Blood type | |||||
| O | 20 (8.5) | ref | - | - | - |
| A | 11 (7.5) | 0.88 (0.43–1.78) | 0.721 | - | - |
| B | 9 (8.6) | 1.01 (0.47–2.14) | 0.985 | - | - |
| AB | 3 (14.3) | 1.68 (0.54–5.19) | 0.368 | - | - |
| RhD positive | |||||
| No | 0 (0.0) | - | - | - | - |
| Yes | 43 (9.0) | - | - | - | - |
| Reactive for any TTI* | |||||
| No | 39 (8.0) | ref | - | ref | - |
| Yes | 5 (23.5) | 2.96 (1.19–7.33) | 0.019 | 2.58 (1.16–5.71) | 0.020 |
Notes: Prevalence ratios were estimated using a modified Poisson regression with robust variance estimation. For each collection site, the multivariable model included adjustment for age group, sex, repeat donor status, and reactivity for any TTI.
*
Reactive serology for Syphilis, HIV, HBV, or HCV.
Abbreviations: HBV = hepatitis B; HCV = hepatitis C; HIV = human immunodeficiency virus; PR = prevalence ratio; Rh = Rhesus factor; TTI = transfusion transmitted infection.