Table 2.
Comparison of surviving patients during hospital admission and died patients due to SARS-CoV-2.
| Recovered (n = 106) | Dead (n = 53) | P value | |||
| Gender, n (%) | Men: 47 (44) | Men: 29 (55) | .22 | ||
| Women: 59 (56) | Women: 24 (45) | .21 | |||
| Age, years, mean (SD) | 86 (4.2) | 86 (4.0) | .96 | ||
| Barthel index, median (IQR) | 95 (60–100) | 65 (40–100) | .06 | ||
| Dementia, n (%) | 32 (30) | 8 (15) | .63 | ||
| Charlson comorbidity index, median (IQR) | 5 (5–6) | 6 (5–6) | .50 | ||
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 29 (27) | 17 (25) | .54 | ||
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, n (%) | 13 (12) | 4 (8) | .36 | ||
| Cerebral vascular disease, n (%) | 11 (10) | 7 (13) | .59 | ||
| Coronary heart disease, n (%) | 15 (14) | 10 (19) | .44 | ||
| Cancer, n (%) | 11 (10) | 10 (19) | .14 | ||
| Chronic kidney disease, n (%) | 25 (24) | 16 (30) | .37 | ||
| Hypertension, n (%) | 81 (76) | 39 (74) | .70 | ||
| Symptoms on admission, n (%) | Fever: 78 (74) | Fever: 40 (75) | .80 | ||
| Cough: 50 (47) | Cough: 18 (34) | .11 | |||
| Dyspnea: 40 (38) | Dyspnea: 40 (75) | .001 | |||
| Diarrhea: 16 (15) | Diarrhea: 3 (6) | .08 | |||
| Anosmia: 3 (3) | Anosmia: 0 (0) | .55 | |||
| Odynophagia: 3 (3) | Odynophagia: 1 (2) | 1 | |||
| Ageusia: 10 (9) | Ageusia: 0 (0) | .03 | |||
| Headache: 3 (5.5) | Headache: 0 (0) | .55 | |||
| Falls: 11 (10) | Falls: 2 (4) | .22 | |||
| Classification of severity (WHO), n (%) | Mild: 11 (10) | Mild: 2 (3) | .22 | ||
| Moderate: 71 (67) | Moderate: 12 (23) | .001 | |||
| Severe: 24 (23) | Severe: 39 (74) | .001 | |||
| Place of origin, n (%) | Home: 73 (69) | Home: 31 (58) | .19 | ||
| Nursing home: 33 (31) | Nursing home: 22 (42) | .19 | |||
| Radiological pattern, n (%) | No pneumonia: 10 (9) | No pneumonia: 2 (4) | .34 | ||
| Pneumonia 90 (91) | Unilateral lung involvement: 14 (13) | Pneumonia 51 (96) | Unilateral lung involvement: 6 (11) | .73 | |
| Bilateral lung involvement: 82 (77) | Bilateral lung involvement: 45 (85) | .26 | |||
| Laboratory tests, mean (SD) | CRP: 7.8 mg/dl (6.3) | CRP: 16.4 mg/dl (11.4) | .001 | ||
| LDH: 306 U/L (108) | LDH: 403 U/L (204) | .001 | |||
| Ferritin: 551 ng/ml (490) | Ferritin: 971 ng/ml (1313) | .013 | |||
| Lymphocyte count: 0.9 ×109 L (0.5) | Lymphocyte count: 0.8 ×109 L (0.5) | .10 | |||
| D-dimer: 2190 ng/ml (2780) | D-dimer: 3986 ng/ml (5555) | .03 | |||
| Treatment during hospitalization, n (%) | Triple treatment: 83 (78) ∗ | Triple treatment: 36 (68) ∗ | .15 | ||
| Corticosteroids (mg/kg): 34 (32) | Corticosteroids (mg/kg): 25 (47) | .06 | |||
| Biological therapies: 21 (20) | Biological therapies: 7 (13) | .30 |
CRP = C-reactive protein, IQR = interquartile range, LDH = lactate dehydrogenase, SD = standard deviation, WHO = World Health Organization.
∗
Triple treatment: Lopinavir/Ritonavir, Hidroxicloroquine, and Azitromicine.