Table 1.

Survey questionnaire and coding scheme.

Variable			Description		Questionnaire items		References
Dependent variables
		Sustainability of the physician office, clinic, or pharmacy (SUST)		Business owner’s perception of practice or business survival in the near future.		At an overall level, to what extent do you feel your clinic/practice/pharmacy is sustainable, considering the current COVID-19 scenario, in a span of the next 1-3 years?		Scale: 1 (least confident) to 5 (very confident)
Independent variables
		Satisfaction with the current business scenario (SBCS)		Business owner’s satisfaction with the current practice and/or business scenario during COVID-19.		Questions: to what extent are you currently [during COVID-19 situation] satisfied with: (1) the overall clinic/practice/pharmacy relevant business scenario, situated across your city/town/county, (2) the current method of practice or business operations, and (3) the quality of day-to-day business transactions?		Scale: 1 (very dissatisfied) to 5 (very satisfied); Cronbach α=.79
		Satisfaction with remote and virtual care models (including telemedicine, telehealth, and e-visits) (SRVC)		Business owner’s satisfaction with the current (during COVID-19) remote care (telemedicine, telehealth, remote consulting, and e-visit provisions) provided by your clinic/practice/pharmacy.		Questions: to what extent are you currently (during COVID-19 situation) satisfied with the provisions and operations in your organization relevant to: (1) remote care, (2) telehealth and telemedicine, and (3) remote consulting and e-visits?		Scale: 1 (very dissatisfied) to 5 (very satisfied); Cronbach α=.82
Control variables
	Age (AGE)		Age of the owner		My age is_________.		N/Aa
	Gender (GEN)		Gender of the owner		I am: (a) male and (b) female		N/A
	Income (INC)		Net income of the owner from the business		My annual income from the clinic/practice/pharmacy relevant business: (1) less than US $50,000, (2) US $50,000-US $100,000, (3) US $100,000-US $200,000, (4) US $200,000-US $300,000, (5) US $300,000-US $500,000, (6) US $500,000-US $750,000, (7) US $750,000-US $1,000,000, and (8) higher than US $1,000,000.		N/A
	Education (EDU)		Education of the owner		My education is: 1=illiterate, 2=up to middle school, 3=up to high school, 5=some college, 6=undergraduate level, and 7=graduate and above.		N/A

^aN/A: not applicable.