TABLE 2 |.

Summary of facilitators and barriers to HIV care, identified by the target population (PLWH): qualitative findings from the mHealth articles reviewed.

	Marent et al. (EmERGE)		Sabin et al. (CATS)
	Patient-level	Technology-related	Patient-level	Technology-related
FACILITATORS	Taking/keeping control over his/her condition supports adherence Maintaining routine/ regularity supports adherence; in turn, reminders may not be needed Community groups would support adherence Expertise of providers and having access to providers for questions (outside of clinic visits) could support adherence	The digital platform can provide access to clinical data (VL, CD4) Regular medical visits are a tiring routine for PLWH who would benefit from receiving data through a digital device HIV is a stigmatized condition;technology can reduce the number of face-to-face visits to clinic, making the patient “invisible”—protecting their privacy and confidentiality Digital platforms can promote closer relationships with providers and to protect the privacy of HIV patients Secure digital networks can safeguard confidentiality	Technology facilitated taking personal responsible for one’s health Maintaining a daily routine promoted adherence Social support promoted adherence Counseling provided strategies to overcome barriers	SMS/text message reminders promoted routine/regularity The supervisory nature of the intervention promoted adherence Adherence reports were generated by the system, which promoted positive patient-doctor relationship
BARRIERS	Patients experienced stigma from providers and general public, which was a primary concern Concerns regarding stigma prevented patients from disclosing HIV status to others	Technology may result in a “passive” patient—one who is “controlled” by the technology device Technology takes away from face-to-face exchanges and experiences with providers Patients with unstable HIV may require face-to-face consultations to discuss treatment plan Increased use of technology could lead to unintentional disclosure of health data Patients do not trust security of cloud-based systems; systems unfortunately cannot repay a loss, like a bank can replace stolen funds Real-time alerts may be intrusive to everyday life	Barriers were primarily job related: forgetfulness, no breaks, concerns about inadvertent disclosure to coworkers, no private place to take medication Stigma surrounding HIV was a concern Alcohol and substance use interfered with adherence	Cellphone alarms and alerts may be “annoying” when performing other tasks and activities