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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Feb 26.
Published in final edited form as: J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2020 Jun 18;161(2):e129–e134. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2020.04.183

FIGURE 1.

FIGURE 1.

Exosome-specific alloresponse mechanisms. Exosomes play a major role in major immune stages after lung transplantation that dictate rejection or tolerance of the allograft. Early innate immune response mediate lung injury post-transplant where donor EVs “leak” out of the transplantation lung and travel through the bloodstream to nearby lymph nodes. These EVs participate in allomechanisms that elicit inflammatory responses, which develops in the late adaptive response through activation of T cells. EV, exosomes; LN, lymph nodes.