FTH1 expression is negatively associated with ferroptosis, and ferroptosis is positively associated with PD pathology. (A) Cell viability was significantly reduced to approximately 50% following induction with 50 µM 6-OHDA for 24 h. (B) Expression of TH, GPX4 and FTH1 was inversely proportional to 6-OHDA from 0 to 50 µM. (C) 6-OHDA-stimulted cells, further treated with the ferroptosis inducer, erastin (1 µM), exhibited a reduced expression of TH, GPX4 and FTH1. The ferroptosis inhibitors, Fer-1 (2.5 µM) and DFO (25 µM), increased these expression levels. (D) Fluorescent C11-BODIPY staining and FACS analysis were used to evaluate the formation of lipid peroxides in model cells and 6-OHDA-stimulted cells co-treated with erastin (ferroptosis inducer), Fer-1 (ferroptosis inhibitor) and DFO (iron chelator). *P<0.05, **P<0.01, ***P<0.001 and ****P<0.0001 vs. model group; ns, not significant. PD, Parkinson's disease; FTH1, ferritin heavy chain 1; 6-OHDA, 6-hydroxydopamine; Fer-1, ferrostatin-1; DFO, deferoxamine.