Table 2.
Pharmacokinetic parameters of Resveratrol and Resveratrol-Glucuronide.
| Table 2A. All subjects | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | Resveratrol 2.5 gm (n=8) |
Resveratrol 2.5gm + Piperine 5mg (n=8) |
Resveratrol 2.5gm + Piperine 25mg (n=8) |
All Combined (n=24) |
||||
| Resveratrol | ||||||||
| Cmax, ng/mL | 220 | (83.6–1120) | 289 | (124–653) | 321 | (153–693) | 279 | (83.6–1120) |
| AUC0−∞, ng/mL | 1010 | (524–3000) | 1370 | (500–7540) | 1060 | (934–1540) | 1160 | (500–7540) |
| Tmax, h | 1.00 | (0.500–2.00) | 1.00 | (0.750–2.00) | 1.00 | (0.500–2.00) | 1.00 | (0.500–2.00) |
| T1/2, h | 6.06 | (3.87–28.7) | 6.52 | (2.18–45.1) | 5.59 | (2.72–17.1) | 5.91 | (2.18–45.1) |
| CL, L/h | 2.61 | (0.832–4.77) | 1.83 | (0.332–5.00) | 2.36 | (1.62–2.68) | 2.16 | (0.332–5.00) |
| Resveratrol-Glucuronide | ||||||||
| Cmax, ng/mL | 5020 | (2440–0300) | 9440 | (3260–8100) | 5870 | (1440–1700) | 6530 | (1440–20300) |
| AUC0−∞, ng/mL | 30100 | (11900–69800) | 50500 | (13200–85300) | 30900 | (11000–94500) | 35700 | (11000–94500) |
| Tmax, h | 2.00 | (1.00–4.00) | 1.50 | (1.00–2.00) | 1.50 | (1.00–4.00) | 1.50 | (1.00–4.00) |
| T1/2, h | 6.12 | (2.46–18.0) | 6.80 | (3.42–45.3) | 5.31 | (3.70–31.5) | 5.62 | (2.46–45.3) |
| CL, L/h | 0.0850 | (0.0360–0.211) | 0.0495 | (0.0290–0.190) | 0.0820 | (0.0270–0.228) | 0.0700 | (0.0270–0.228) |
| Table 2B. Female subjects | ||||||||
| Characteristic | Resveratrol 2.5 gm (n=4) |
Resveratrol 2.5gm + Piperine 5mg (n=4) |
Resveratrol 2.5gm + Piperine 25mg (n=4) |
All Combined (n=12) |
||||
| Resveratrol | ||||||||
| Cmax, ng/mL | 128 | (83.6–236) | 273 | (124–653) | 321 | (165–546) | 211 | (83.6–653) |
| AUC0−∞, ng h/mL | 705 | (524–1930) | 1590 | (1330–2360) | 1100 | (961–1540) | 1250 | (524–2360) |
| Tmax, h | 0.875 | (0.750–2.00) | 1.00 | (0.750–2.00) | 1.50 | (0.750–2.00) | 1.00 | (0.750–2.00) |
| T1/2, h | 4.88 | (3.87–11.5) | 9.56 | (2.18–26.8) | 5.55 | (2.72–17.1) | 6.70 | (2.18–26.8) |
| CL, L/h | 3.58 | (1.30–4.77) | 1.59 | (1.06–1.88) | 2.28 | (1.62–2.60) | 2.01 | (1.06–4.77) |
| Resveratrol-Glucuronide | ||||||||
| Cmax, ng/mL* | 3830 | (2440–5240) | 10500 | (8560–18100) | 6170 | (2030–11200) | 6740 | (2030–18100) |
| AUC0−∞, ng h/mL | 24400 | (11900–37700) | 50500 | (36800–71500) | 38200 | (11000–94500) | 37200 | (11000–94500) |
| Tmax, h | 2.00 | (2.00–4.00) | 1.75 | (1.50–2.00) | 1.50 | (1.00–4.00) | 2.00 | (1.00–4.00) |
| T1/2, h | 7.70 | (2.46–18.0) | 4.81 | (3.42–14.4) | 5.67 | (3.70–31.5) | 5.67 | (2.46–31.5) |
| CL, L/h | 0.103 | (0.0660–0.211) | 0.0495 | (0.0350–0.0680) | 0.0655 | (0.0270–0.228) | 0.0670 | (0.0270–0.228) |
| Table 2C. Male subjects | ||||||||
| Characteristic | Resveratrol 2.5 gm (n=4) |
Resveratrol 2.5gm + Piperine 5mg (n=4) |
Resveratrol 2.5gm + Piperine 25mg (n=4) |
All Combined (n=12) |
||||
| Resveratrol | ||||||||
| Cmax, ng/mL | 362 | (205–1120) | 289 | (140–316) | 318 | (153–693) | 304 | (140–1120) |
| AUC0−∞, ng h/mL | 1370 | (640–3000) | 880 | (500–7540) | 1020 | (934–1390) | 1110 | (500–7540) |
| Tmax, h | 1 | (0.500–2.00) | 1 | (0.750–1.00) | 0.875 | (0.500–1.00) | 1 | (0.500–2.00) |
| T1/2, h | 7.2 | (5.88–28.7) | 4.66 | (3.92–45.1) | 5.59 | (3.16–6.54) | 5.91 | (3.16–45.1) |
| CL, L/h | 1.84 | (0.832–3.91) | 3.13 | (0.332–5.00) | 2.47 | (1.80–2.68) | 2.25 | (0.332–5.00) |
| Resveratrol-Glucuronide | ||||||||
| Cmax, ng/mL | 9100 | (3420–20300) | 5280 | (3260–14400) | 5320 | (1440–11700) | 6530 | (1440–20300) |
| AUC0−∞, ng h/mL | 36300 | (12600–69800) | 45000 | (13200–85300) | 22800 | (13900–34600) | 34600 | (12600–85300) |
| Tmax, h | 1.25 | (1.00–2.00) | 1.25 | (1.00–2.00) | 1.5 | (1.00–1.50) | 1.5 | (1.00–2.00) |
| T1/2, h | 5.58 | (5.15–7.01) | 15.9 | (3.52–45.3) | 5.26 | (5.17–16.6) | 5.62 | (3.52–45.3) |
| CL, L/h | 0.069 | (0.0360–0.199) | 0.058 | (0.0290–0.190) | 0.114 | (0.0720–0.180) | 0.072 | (0.0290–0.199) |
Presented as median (range)
*
P-Value (resveratrol 2.5 gm vs resveratrol + piperine 5 mg) < 0.05
**
P-Value (resveratrol 2.5 gm + piperine 5 mg vs resveratrol + piperine 25 mg) < 0.05