Table 3.
Adjusted odds ratios of active commuting across quartiles of school-based measures of Can-ALE index and NDVI among participants of the OSDUHS, 2016–2017
| 11–14 years of age (n = 5406) | 15–20 years of age (n = 5600) | All students (n = 11,006) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Active commutersa (%) | Odds ratiob | 95% CI | Odds ratiob | 95% CI | Odds ratiob | 95% CI | ||
| Can-ALEc | Lowest quartile (0.379–1.165) | 12.2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||
| Second quartile (1.166–2.253) | 21.8 | 2.07 | 1.47–2.89 | 1.84 | 1.33–2.53 | 1.98 | 1.56–2.50 | |
| Third quartile (2.254–3.287) | 27.7 | 2.89 | 2.08–4.01 | 1.97 | 1.42–2.72 | 2.49 | 1.96–3.13 | |
| Highest quartile (3.288–9.880) | 23.0 | 2.23 | 1.57–3.18 | 2.06 | 1.45–2.92 | 2.11 | 1.64–2.72 | |
| NDVId | ||||||||
| High dwellinge density areas (above the median) | Lowest quartile (0.233–0.330) | 22.9 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||
| Second quartile (0.332–0.384) | 25.9 | 0.99 | 0.64–1.54 | 0.64 | 0.43–0.95 | 0.82 | 0.61–1.11 | |
| Third quartile (0.386–0.425) | 30.0 | 1.24 | 0.81–1.91 | 0.75 | 0.50–1.13 | 1.05 | 0.77–1.42 | |
| Highest quartile (0.427–0.524) | 34.5 | 1.41 | 0.92–2.15 | 0.58 | 0.35–0.94 | 1.06 | 0.77–1.46 | |
| Low dwellinge density areas (below the median) | Lowest quartile (0.249–0.417) | 14.3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||
| Second quartile (0.419–0.487) | 20.2 | 0.87 | 0.56–1.34 | 1.15 | 0.77–1.71 | 1.06 | 0.79–1.44 | |
| Third quartile (0.490–0.523) | 19.3 | 0.70 | 0.43–1.14 | 0.87 | 0.57–1.32 | 0.84 | 0.61–1.17 | |
| Highest quartile (0.524–0.684) | 13.9 | 0.40 | 0.24–0.68 | 0.78 | 0.49–1.24 | 0.59 | 0.41–0.83 | |
Bold indicates statistical significance
aActive commuters included those who walked (n = 2216) or biked (n = 110) to school. Non-active commuters included those who took public transit, school bus, or travelled in a car to school. Those who indicated they used mixed or other modes of commuting were excluded from analyses
bThe odds ratios have been adjusted for age, ethnicity, biological sex at birth, years lived in Canada, living situation, region, and season
cWalkability quartiles are based on the frequency distribution of the Can-ALE (Canadian Active Living Environments) index (sum of the z scores of intersection density, dwelling density, and points of interest for 2016)
dNDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index)/greenness based on 500 m buffer from the school location
eBased on the dwelling density component of the Can-ALE index