Table 3.
Characterisation of the evidence for digital health technologies from included reports.
| AI (n = 111) | Big data (n = 89) | IoT (n = 5) | Telehealth (n = 99) | DC (n = 27) | DM (n = 4) | DS (n = 22) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Translational relevance (Method of analysis) |
Prospective intention to treat (ITT) analysis | 0 | 0 | 0 |
3 (3.0%) |
1 (3.7%) |
0 | 0 |
| Prospective non-ITT analysis |
3 (2.7%) |
6 (6.7%) |
1 (20.0%) |
22 (22.2%) |
4 (14.8%) |
0 | 0 | |
| Retrospective analysis |
7 (6.3%) |
12 (13.5%) |
0 |
35 (35.4%) |
2 (7.4%) |
0 | 0 | |
| Descriptive analysis (non-interventional) | 101 (91.0%) |
71 (79.8%) |
4 (80.0%) |
39 (39.4%) |
20 (74.1%) |
4 (100%) |
22 (100%) |
|
|
Strength of evidence (Study design) |
Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Cohort study |
5 (4.5%) |
9 (10.1%) |
0 |
41 (41.4%) |
3 (11.1%) |
0 | 0 | |
| Case–control study |
1 (0.9%) |
1 (1.1%) |
0 |
1 (1.0%) |
0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Cross-sectional/ case series | 13 (11.7%) |
14 (15.7%) |
1 (20.0%) |
20 (20.2%) |
3 (11.1%) |
0 | 0 | |
| Survey on patient/Provider acceptance | 0 |
1 (1.1%) |
0 |
16 (16.2%) |
4 (14.8%) |
0 | 0 | |
| Case report of a patient |
1 (0.9%) |
0 | 0 |
6 (6.1%) |
0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Description of a technology solution |
91 (82.0%) |
64 (71.9%) |
4 (80.0%) |
15 (15.2%) |
17 (63.0%) |
4 (100.0%) |
22 (100%) |