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. 2021 Feb 26;12:1343. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-21526-4

Fig. 4. The factors governing the biphase photocatalytic hydrogen evolution: temperature and liquid-to-gas-phase changes of water.

Fig. 4

a The photocatalytic hydrogen evolution rate with the CoO NPs versus the reaction temperature in the triphase reaction system. (Here, the background pressure was maintained at 5 kPa). b Gibbs energy of a photocatalytic reaction in the triphase system with different temperatures over the pure CoO surface. The photocatalyst is CoO NPs. c Gibbs energy of a photocatalytic reaction in the triphase system (373 K) in comparison with the biphase system (373 K) over the pure CoO surface. The photocatalyst is CoO NPs. d Schematic of the hydrogen transport resistances in the liquid- and gas-phase environments.