Table II.
Mean and standard deviation values of scapular upward rotation and the strain ratio of 3 muscles
| Variables | Group | Arm elevation |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0° | 60° | 90° | 120° | ||
| Scapular upward rotation, degree | Symptomatic | −1.5 ± 5.3 | 3.2 ± 4.9 | 9.4 ± 5.6 | 22.8 ± 7.1 |
| Asymptomatic | −0.7 ± 2.8 | 8.5 ± 6.4 | 15.7 ± 6.0 | 27.2 ± 6.6 | |
| Healthy | −1.8 ± 4.1 | −0.1 ± 4.4 | 6.3 ± 4.2 | 19.4 ± 3.6 | |
| Upper trapezius, strain ratio | Symptomatic | 4.83 ± 2.85 | 2.49 ± 1.31 | 1.77 ± 0.99 | 0.90 ± 0.58 |
| Asymptomatic | 4.26 ± 2.03 | 2.44 ± 1.44 | 1.62 ± 0.67 | 1.68 ± 1.03 | |
| Healthy | 3.67 ± 1.23 | 2.34 ± 1.21 | 1.93 ± 1.27 | 1.93 ± 0.95 | |
| Levator scapulae, strain ratio | Symptomatic | 3.01 ± 1.66 | 1.08 ± 0.97 | 0.45 ± 0.26 | 0.52 ± 0.44 |
| Asymptomatic | 2.61 ± 1.81 | 1.41 ± 0.74 | 1.05 ± 0.34 | 1.05 ± 0.80 | |
| Healthy | 1.66 ± 0.81 | 0.95 ± 0.47 | 1.08 ± 0.67 | 1.02 ± 0.37 | |
| Rhomboid major, strain ratio | Symptomatic | 3.57 ± 1.01 | 1.12 ± 0.59 | 0.59 ± 0.28 | 0.42 ± 0.26 |
| Asymptomatic | 2.80 ± 1.52 | 1.41 ± 1.74 | 0.82 ± 0.62 | 0.49 ± 0.16 | |
| Healthy | 3.11 ± 1.15 | 1.51 ± 0.74 | 0.67 ± 0.29 | 0.56 ± 0.30 | |
Values represent mean ± standard deviation.