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. 2021 Jan 27;12(2):109. doi: 10.3390/insects12020109

Table 3.

Effects of sublethal concentration of farnesyl acetate on the developmental period of P. xylostella. df, degrees of freedom.

Developmental Time (Mean ± SE) (Days) df t p
Control Treatment
Second instar larvae 1.6 ± 0.08 2.6 ± 0.09 58 −8.06 <0.0001
Third instar larvae 1.6 ± 0.09 2.4 ± 0.09 58 −6.22 <0.0001
Fourth instar larvae 3.2 ± 0.07 4.85 ± 0.14 58 −10.65 <0.0001
All larvae 8.4 ± 0.17 11.85 ± 0.21 58 −12.00 <0.0001
Pupa 5.17 ± 0.17 6.17 ± 0.18 58 −4.43 <0.0001
Adult 21.4 ± 0.55 20.8 ± 0.45 58 3.55 0.001