Table 1.
Characteristics of the pregnant women who participated in the study.
| Variable | n | % |
|---|---|---|
| Age (Year) | ||
| <20 | 124 | 24.0 |
| 20–24.0 | 163 | 31.7 |
| ≥25 | 228 | 44.3 |
| Parity | ||
| Nullipara | 191 | 37.1 |
| Multipara (parity ≥ 1) | 324 | 62.9 |
| Gestational Age (Week) | ||
| <13 | 70 | 13.6 |
| ≥13 | 445 | 86.4 |
| Participant’s Education | ||
| Functionally illiterate * | 229 | 44.5 |
| Class 6–10 but not SSC ** | 201 | 39.0 |
| SSC or above | 85 | 16.5 |
| Husband’s Education | ||
| Functionally illiterate * | 299 | 58.1 |
| Class 6–10 but not SSC ** | 109 | 21.1 |
| SSC or above | 107 | 20.8 |
| Husband’s Occupation | ||
| Labourer | 198 | 38.4 |
| Farmer | 136 | 26.4 |
| Business | 108 | 21.0 |
| Service | 73 | 14.2 |
| Participant’s Occupation | ||
| No | 496 | 96.3 |
| Yes | 19 | 3.7 |
| Household Size | ||
| Small family (<5) | 310 | 60.2 |
| Large family (≥5) | 205 | 39.8 |
| Cultivable Land Ownership | ||
| No land | 291 | 56.5 |
| Small land holding | 224 | 43.5 |
| Vitamin/Mineral Supplementation | ||
| Yes | 40 | 7.8 |
| No | 475 | 92.2 |
| Presence of Inflammation/Sub-Clinical Infection | ||
| Acute (judged by serum CRP > 10.0 mg/L) | 37 | 7.2 |
| Chronic (judged by serum AGP > 1.0 g/L) | 8 | 1.6 |
| Selected Micronutrient Status | ||
| Anaemia (Haemoglobin < 11.0 g/dL) | 176 | 34.2 |
| Iron deficiency (Serum ferritin < 15.0 μg/dL) | 136 | 26.4 |
| Sub-optimal vitamin A status (Serum retinol < 30.0 μg/dL) | 155 | 30.1 |
* Never been to school or completed up to Class V. ** Secondary School Certificate.