Table 2.
The association between PUFAs and the primary endpoint analyzed with Cox proportional hazards models.
| Univariate | Multivariate-1 | Multivariate-2 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR | 95% CI | p | HR | 95% CI | p | HR | 95% CI | p | |
| Age, per 1 year |
1.06 | 1.01–1.11 | 0.009 | 1.05 | 0.99–1.10 | 1.102 | 1.06 | 1.00–1.13 | 0.042 |
| Male | 1.76 | 0.92–3.37 | 0.087 | 1.76 | 0.81–3.83 | 0.155 | 1.98 | 0.91–4.29 | 0.083 |
| Body mass index, per 1.0 kg/m2 |
0.90 | 0.82–0.98 | 0.017 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Hypertension | 0.52 | 0.26–1.06 | 0.071 | 0.65 | 0.26–1.59 | 0.342 | 1.13 | 0.45–2.82 | 0.793 |
| Dyslipidemia | 0.45 | 0.20–1.03 | 0.060 | 0.72 | 0.25–2.12 | 0.549 | 0.66 | 0.23–1.91 | 0.441 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 1.54 | 0.74–3.21 | 0.249 | 1.99 | 0.87–4.58 | 0.104 | 1.86 | 0.78–4.46 | 0.164 |
| Statin use | 0.34 | 0.12–0.95 | 0.040 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Hemoglobin, per 1.0 mg/dL |
0.82 | 0.70–0.96 | 0.013 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Albumin, per 1.0 g/dL |
0.34 | 0.18–0.63 | 0.001 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| HDL-C, per 1 mg/dL |
0.96 | 0.93–1.00 | 0.054 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| LDL-C, per 1 mg/dL |
0.98 | 0.96–0.99 | 0.004 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| GNRI, per 1 index |
0.94 | 0.91–0.97 | <0.001 | 0.95 | 0.91–0.99 | 0.010 | 0.95 | 0.91–0.98 | 0.002 |
| High DGLA | 0.50 | 0.26–0.98 | 0.044 | 1.02 | 0.47–2.19 | 0.969 | - | - | - |
| High AA | 0.61 | 0.31–1.21 | 0.158 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| High EPA | 0.52 | 0.27–1.01 | 0.055 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| High DHA | 0.25 | 0.12–0.53 | <0.001 | - | - | - | 0.16 | 0.06–0.44 | <0.001 |
| High EPA/AA | 0.86 | 0.45–1.65 | 0.650 | - | - | - | - | ||
| High DHA/AA | 1.05 | 0.54–2.02 | 0.887 | - | - | - | - | ||
| High AA + DGLA/ EPA + DHA |
1.13 | 0.59–2.17 | 0.712 | - | - | - | - | ||
The multivariate model-1 and model-2 were adjusted for age, sex, hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, and GNRI. HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; GNRI, geriatric nutritional risk index; EPA, eicosapentaenoic acid; DHA, docosahexaenoic acid; DGLA, dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid; AA, arachidonic acid. EPA/AA, ratio of EPA to AA; DHA/AA, ratio of DHA to AA; AA + DGLA/EPA + DHA; ratio of AA + DGLA to EPA + DHA.