| AAV | Adeno-associated virus |
| AR | Aldose reductase |
| BBB | Blood–brain barrier |
| BBC | Babble Boot Camp |
| Cas13 | CRISPR-associated protein |
| CRISPR | Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats |
| DHEA | Dehydroepiandrosterone |
| Dpf | Days post fertilization |
| eIF2α | Eukaryotic initiation factor 2α |
| ER | Endoplasmic reticulum |
| Gal-1-P | Galactose-1-phosphate |
| GALE | UDP-galactose 4-epimerase |
| GALK1 | Galactokinase 1 |
| GALM | Galactose mutarotase |
| GalNet | Galactosemias Network |
| GALT | Galactose 1-phosphate uridylyltransferase |
| GDH | Galactose dehydrogenase |
| GHMP | Galacto-, homoserine-, mevalonate- and phosphomevalonate kinase |
| Glc-1-P | Glucose-1-phosphate |
| hGALT | human GALT |
| HTS | High throughput screening |
| LNP | Lipid nanoparticle |
| NADPH | Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate |
| NBS | Newborn screening |
| NIBS | Non-invasive brain stimulation |
| PI3K/Akt | Phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B |
| POI | Primary ovarian insufficiency |
| ROS | Reactive oxygen species |
| tACS | Transcranial alternating current stimulation |
| UGP | UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase |
| UDP | Uridine diphosphate |
| UDP-Gal | Uridine diphosphate-galactose |
| UDP-Glc | Uridine diphosphate-glucose |
| UDP-GalNAc | UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine |
| UDP-GlcNAc | UDP-N-acetylglucosamine |
| UPR | Unfolded protein response |