Table 5.
Relative abundance of different taxa between the 3 diets.
| Taxa | LFD | HFD | HFKV | p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Firmicutes | ||||
| P-Firmicutes | 57.3 a | 73.5 b | 63.8 c | 0.04 |
| P-Firmicutes; C-Bacillus | 17.9 a | 34.7 b | 19.4 a | <0.005 |
| P-Firmicutes; C-Bacillus; O-Bacillales | 3.6 a | 2.7 b | 2.4 b | ns |
| P-Firmicutes; C-Bacillus; O-Lactobacillales | 14.3 a | 31.9 b | 17.0 a | <0.005 |
| P-Firmicutes; C-Bacillus; O-Lactobacillales; F-Paenibacillaceae | 3.5 | 3.2 | 2.7 | ns |
| P-Firmicutes; C-Bacillus; O-Lactobacillales; F-Lactobacilaceae | 4.49 a | 14.3 b | 9.9 c | <0.001 |
| P-Firmicutes; C-Bacillus; O-Lactobacillales; F-Lactobacilaceae; G-Acetatifactor | 0.31 | 0.23 | 0.70 | ns |
| P-Firmicutes; C-Bacillus; O-Lactobacillales; F-Lactobacilaceae; G-Dorea | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.02 | ns |
| P-Firmicutes; C-Bacillus; O-Lactobacillales; F-Lactobacilaceae; G-Blautia | 0.11 a | 0.09 a | 0.28 b | <0.05 |
| P-Firmicutes; C-Bacillus; O-Lactobacillales; F-Lactobacilaceae; G-Roseburia | 0.04 a | 0.05 a | 0.48 b | <0.05 |
| P-Firmicutes; C-Bacillus; O-Lactobacillales; F-Lactobacilaceae; G-Tyzerella | 0.03 a | 0.05 | 0.0 a | ns |
| P-Firmicutes; C-Bacillus; O-Lactobacillales; F-Lactobacilaceae; G-Lactobacillus | 0.48 a | 7.6 b | 3.3 c | 0.001 |
| P-Firmicutes; C-Bacillus; O-Lactobacillales; F-Lactobacilaceae; G-Lactobacillus; S-L. johnsonii | 0.24 a | 3.06 b | 1.04 c | <0.05 |
| P-Firmicutes; C-Bacillus; O-Lactobacillales; F-Streptococaceae | 13.8 a | 24.0 b | 14.6 a | 0.04 |
| P-Firmicutes; C-Bacillus; O-Lactobacillales; F-Streptococaceae; G-Lactococcus | 6.72 a | 14.4 b | 7.85 a | 0.04 |
| P-Firmicutes; C-Bacillus; O-Lactobacillales; F-Streptococaceae; G-Lactococcus; S-L. lactis | 6.19 a | 8.41 b | 5.91 a | <0.05 |
| P-Firmicutes; C-Erysipelotrichia | 18.8 a | 18.3 a | 15.1 b | <0.05 |
| P-Firmicutes; C-Erysipelotrichia; O-Erysipelotrichales | 18.7 a | 17.5 a | 14.9 b | ns |
| P-Firmicutes; C-Erysipelotrichia; O-Erysipelotrichales; F-Erysipelotrichaceae | 18.7 a | 10.3 b | 13.1 b | ns |
| P-Firmicutes; C-Erysipelotrichia; O-Erysipelotrichales; F-Erysipelotrichaceae; G-Clostridium | 0.07 | 0.13 | 0.08 | ns |
| P-Firmicutes; C-Erysipelotrichia; O-Erysipelotrichales; F-Erysipelotrichaceae; G-Turicibacter | 1.98 | 2.71 | 2.55 | ns |
| P-Firmicutes; C-Clostridia | 20.7 | 21.4 | 24.1 | ns |
| P-Firmicutes; C-Clostridia; O-Clostridiales | 20.7 | 21.4 | 24.3 | ns |
| P-Firmicutes; C-Clostridia; O-Clostridiales; F-Eubacteriaceae | 0.20 | 0.22 | 0.26 | ns |
| P-Firmicutes; C-Clostridia; O-Clostridiales; F-Eubacteriaceae; G-Eubactrium | 0.01 a | 0.02 a | 0.39 b | 0.04 |
| P-Firmicutes; C-Clostridia; O-Clostridiales; F-Lachnospiraceae | 9.5 a | 11.3 b | 13.2 b | 0.04 |
| P-Firmicutes; C-Clostridia; O-Clostridiales; F-Peptostreptococcaceae | 0.56 a | 1.67 b | 1.75 b | 0.04 |
| P-Firmicutes; C-Clostridia; O-Clostridiales; F-Oscillospiraceae | 0.35 | 0.22 | 0.10 | ns |
| P-Firmicutes; C-Clostridia; O-Clostridiales; F-Ruminococaceae | 3.74 | 4.70 | 5.64 | ns |
| P-Firmicutes; C-Clostridia; O-Clostridiales; F-Ruminococaceae; G-Ruminococcus | 3.43 | 4.33 | 5.06 | ns |
| P-Firmicutes; C-Clostridia; O-Clostridiales; F-Ruminococaceae; G-Ruminococcus; S-R. gnavus | 2.60 | 3.29 | 3.55 | ns |
| P-Firmicutes; C-Clostridia; O-Clostridiales; F-Ruminococaceae; G-Faecalibacterium | 0.31 | 0.37 | 0.64 | ns |
| P-Firmicutes; C-Clostridia; O-Clostridiales; F-Ruminococaceae; G-Faecalibacterium; S-F. prausnitzii | 0.07 | 0.09 | 0.03 | ns |
| P-Firmicutes; C-Clostridia; O-Clostridiales; F-Clostridiaceae | 7.66 | 6.17 | 8.44 | ns |
| P-Firmicutes; C-Clostridia; O-Clostridiales; F-Clostridiaceae; G-Clostridium | 7.51 | 5.94 | 7.81 | ns |
| P-Firmicutes; C-Clostridia; O-Clostridiales; F-Clostridiaceae; G-Clostridium; S-C. vincentii | 3.01 | 2.08 | 2.38 | ns |
| P-Firmicutes; C-Clostridia; O-Clostridiales; F-Clostridiaceae; G-Clostridium; S-C. disporicum | 0.52 | 0.52 | 0.35 | ns |
| P-Firmicutes; C-Clostridia; O-Clostridiales; F-Clostridiaceae; G-Clostridium; S-C. scindens | 0.17 | 0.15 | 0.08 | ns |
| P-Firmicutes; C-Clostridia; O-Clostridiales; F-Clostridiaceae; G-Clostridium; S-C. hiranonis | 0.10 | 0.34 | 0.42 | ns |
| Bacteroidetes | ||||
| P-Bacteroidetes | 24.2 a | 14.4 b | 24.5 a | 0.01 |
| P-Bacteroidetes; C-Cytophagia | 1.02 a | 0.31 b | 0.35 b | <0.05 |
| P-Bacteroidetes; C-Sphingobacteria | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.04 | ns |
| P-Bacteroidetes; C-Flavobacteria | 1.62 a | 2.93 b | 0.93 c | <0.05 |
| P-Bacteroidetes; C-Flavobacteria; O-Flavobacteriales | 1.16 | 0.83 | 0.87 | ns |
| P-Bacteroidetes; C-Flavobacteria; O-Flavobacteriales; F-Flavobacteraceae | 1.6 a | 2.32 b | 0.52 c | <0.05 |
| P-Bacteroidetes; C-Bacteroidia | 20.7 a | 18.7 b | 23.1 a | 0.01 |
| P-Bacteroidetes; C-Bacteroidia; O-Bacteroidales | 20.7 a | 17.6 b | 23.1 a | <0.05 |
| P-Bacteroidetes; C-Bacteroidia; O-Bacteroidales; F-Bacteroidaceae | 13.9 a | 12.91 a | 15.9 b | <0.05 |
| P-Bacteroidetes; C-Bacteroidia; O-Bacteroidales; F-Bacteroidaceae; G-Bacteroides | 7.53 a | 6.88 b | 9.76 b | 0.01 |
| P-Bacteroidetes; C-Bacteroidia; O-Bacteroidales; F-Bacteroidaceae; G-Bacteroides; S-B. thetamicron | 6.48 a | 5.69 b | 8.86 c | <0.01 |
| P-Bacteroidetes; C-Bacteroidia; O-Bacteroidales; F-Porphyromonadaceae | 3.84 | 4.16 | 3.32 | ns |
| P-Bacteroidetes; C-Bacteroidia; O-Bacteroidales; F-Prevotallaceae | 2.39 a | 1.57 b | 2.91 a | <0.05 |
| P-Bacteroidetes; C-Bacteroidia; O-Bacteroidales; F-Rikenellaceae | 0.64 | 1.24 | 0.97 | ns |
| P-Bacteroidetes; C-Bacteroidia; O-Bacteroidales; F-Rikenellaceae; G-Alistipes | 0.44 a | 0.51 a | 0.83 b | 0.01 |
| Actinobacteria | ||||
| P-Actinobacteria | 21.2 a | 8.9 b | 11.2 b | 0.001 |
| P-Actinobacteria; C-Actinobacteria | 20.0 a | 8.6 b | 10.8 b | 0.001 |
| P-Actinobacteria; C-Actinobacteria; O-Actinomycetales | 0.07 | 0.03 | 0.05 | ns |
| P-Actinobacteria; C-Actinobacteria; O-Bifidobacteriales | 18.5 a | 7.72 b | 7.43 b | 0.001 |
| P-Actinobacteria; C-Actinobacteria; O-Bifidobacteriales; F-Bifidobacteroidaceae | 18.6 a | 7.72 b | 7.43 b | 0.001 |
| P-Actinobacteria; C-Actinobacteria; O-Bifidobacteriales; F-Bifidobacteroidaceae; G-Bifidobacterium | 17.8 a | 7.34 b | 7.09 b | 0.001 |
| P-Actinobacteria; C-Actinobacteria; O-Bifidobacteriales; F-Bifidobacteroidaceae; G-Bifidobacterium; S-B. pseudolongum | 12.6 a | 5.49 b | 5.73 b | 0.001 |
| P-Actinobacteria; C-Actinobacteria; O-Bifidobacteriales; F-Bifidobacteroidaceae; G-Bifidobacterium; S-B. choerinum | 0.41 a | 0.15 b | 0.10 b | 0.001 |
| P-Actinobacteria; C-Coriobacteriia | 1.34 a | 0.89 a | 3.40 c | <0.001 |
| P-Actinobacteria; C-Coriobacteriia; O-Coriobacteriales | 1.39 a | 0.87 a | 3.38 c | <0.001 |
| P-Actinobacteria; C-Coriobacteriia; O-Coriobacteriales; F-Coriobacteriaceae | 1.39 a | 0.87 a | 3.38 c | <0.001 |
| P-Actinobacteria; C-Coriobacteriia; O-Coriobacteriales; F-Coriobacteriaceae; G-Atopobium | 0.67 a | 0.26 a | 1.26 c | <0.05 |
| P-Actinobacteria; C-Coriobacteriia; O-Coriobacteriales; F-Coriobacteriaceae; G-Enterorhabdus | 0.04 a | 0.03 a | 0.25 b | 0.05 |
| P-Actinobacteria; C-Coriobacteriia; O-Coriobacteriales; F-Coriobacteriaceae; G-Enterorhabdus; S-E. caecimuris | 0.04 a | 0.02 a | 0.19 b | 0.05 |
| Proteobacteria | ||||
| P-Proteobacteria | 0.68 | 0.22 | 0.31 | ns |
| P-Proteobacteria; C-Betaproteobacteria | 0.58 | 0.16 | 0.17 | ns |
| P-Proteobacteria; C-Betaproteobacteria; O-Bukholderiales | 0.56 | 0.16 | 0.13 | ns |
| P-Proteobacteria; C-Betaproteobacteria; O-Bukholderiales; F-Sutterellaceae | 0.56 | 0.13 | 0.16 | ns |
| P-Proteobacteria; C-Betaproteobacteria; O-Bukholderiales; F-Sutterellaceae; G-Parasutterella | 0.55 | 0.12 | 0.14 | ns |
| P-Proteobacteria; C-Betaproteobacteria; O-Bukholderiales; F-Sutterellaceae; G-Parasutterella; S-P. excrementihominis | 0.45 | 0.11 | 0.12 | ns |
| P-Proteobacteria; C-Betaproteobacteria; O-Neisseriales | 0.05 | 0.1 | 0.1 | ns |
| P-Proteobacteria; C-Betaproteobacteria; O-Neisseriales; F-Neisseriaceae | 0.05 | 0.1 | 0.1 | ns |
| P-Proteobactetria; C-Gammaproteobacteria | 0.02 a | 1.63 b | 0.73 c | 0.04 |
| P-Proteobactetria; C-Gammaproteobacteria; O-Enterobacterales | 0.02 a | 1.63 b | 0.69 b | 0.04 |
| P-Proteobactetria; C-Gammaproteobacteria; O-Enterobacterales; F-Enterobacteriaceae | 0.02 a | 1.63 b | 0.69 b | 0.04 |
| Verrucomicrobia | ||||
| P-Verrucomicrobia | 0.06 a | 0.24 b | 0.22 b | <0.05 |
| P-Verrucomicrobia; G-Akkermansia | 0.04 a | 0.22 b | 0.21 b | <0.05 |
| P-Verrucomicrobia; G-Akkermansia; S-A. municiphila | 0.04 a | 0.22 b | 0.21 b | <0.05 |
Values represent means. Different letters in superscript indicate significant differences between groups. ns = non-significant. All values in bold are significant.