Table 11.
Human S-type lectins, their carbohydrate ligands and protein epression in the organs.
|
Common Name (HUGO Name if Different) |
Gene Symbol | Carbohydrate Preferential Affinity | Protein Expression in the Organs |
|---|---|---|---|
| Galectin 1 | |||
| Galectin 1 | LGALS1 | β-d-galactosides, poly-N-acetyllactosamine-enriched glycoconjugates [157,158] | Bone marrow, brain, cervix (uterine), endometrium, lymph node, ovary, parathyroid gland, placenta, smooth muscle, skin, spleen, testis, tonsil, vagina |
| Galectin 2 | LGALS2 | β-d-galactosides, lactose [159] | Appendix, colon, duodenum, gallbladder, kidney, liver, lymph node, pancreas, rectum, small intestine, spleen, tonsil |
| Galectin 3 | |||
| Galectin 3 | LGALS3 | β-d-galactosides, LacNAc [160] | Adipose and soft tissue, bone marrow and lymphoid tissues, brain, endocrine tissues, female tissues, gastrointestinal tract, kidney and urinary bladder, lung, male tissues, muscle tissues, pancreas, proximal digestive tract, skin |
| Galectin 3 binding protein | LGALS3BP | β-d-galactosides, lactose [161] | Adipose and soft tissue, bone marrow and lymphoid tissues, brain, female tissues, gastrointestinal tract, kidney and urinary bladder, lung, male tissues, muscle tissues, proximal digestive tract, skin |
| Galectin 4 | LGALS4 | β-d-galactosides, lactose [162] | Appendix, colon, duodenum, gallbladder, pancreas, rectum, small intestine, stomach |
| Galectin 7 | LGALS7 | Gal, GalNAc, Lac, LacNAc [163] | Cervix (uterine), esophagus, oral mucosa, salivary gland, skin, tonsil, vagina |
| Galectin 8 | LGALS8 | β-d-galactosides. Preferentially binds to 3′-O-sialylated and 3′-O-sulfated glycans [164] | Adipose and soft tissue, bone marrow and lymphoid tissues, brain, endocrine tissues, female tissues, gastrointestinal tract, kidney and urinary bladder, lung, male tissues, muscle tissues, pancreas, proximal digestive tract, skin |
| Galectin 9 | LGALS9 | β-d-galactosides. Forssman pentasaccharide, lactose, N-acetyllactosamine [165] | Adipose and soft tissue, bone marrow and lymphoid tissues, brain, endocrine tissues, female tissues, gastrointestinal tract, kidney and urinary bladder, lung, male tissues, muscle tissues, pancreas, proximal digestive tract, skin |
| Galectin 9B | LGALS9B | β-d-galactosides [166] | Appendix, bone marrow, breast, lymph node, spleen, tonsil |
| Galectin 9C | LGALS9C | β-d-galactosides [166] | Appendix, bronchus, colon, duodenum, gallbladder, lung, pancreas, spleen, stomach, tonsil |
| Galectin 10 (Charcot-Leyden crystal galectin, CLC) | LGALS10 | Binds weakly to lactose, N-acetyl-d-glucosamine and d-mannose [167] | Lymph node, spleen, tonsil |
| Galectin 12 | LGALS12 | β-d-galactose and lactose [168,169] | a) |
| Galectin 13 | LGALS13 | N-acetyl-lactosamine, mannose and N-acetyl-galactosamine [170]. Contrary to other galectins, Galectin 13 does not bind β-d-galactosides [171] | Kidney, placenta, spleen, urinary bladder |
| Placental Protein 13 (Galectin 14) | LGALS14 | N-acetyl-lactosamine [172] | Adrenal gland, colon, kidney |
| Galectin 16 | LGALS16 | N-acetyl-lactosamine, β-d-galactose and lactose [172] | Placenta |