Table 6.
Interactive and main effects of cadmium (Cd) and zinc (Zn) on the concentrations of lipid peroxides (LPO), malondialdehyde (MDA), 8-isoprostane, and protein carbonyls (PC) in the brain tissue of male rats 1,2.
| Parameter | 5 mg Cd/L + 30 mg Zn/L | 5 mg Cd/L + 60 mg Zn/L | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Main Effect of Cd |
Main Effect of Zn |
Interactive Effect of Cd + Zn |
Cd + Zn Effect vs. Cd Effect + Zn Effect Character of Cd-Zn Interaction |
Main Effect of Cd |
Main Effect of Zn |
Interactive Effect of Cd + Zn |
Cd + Zn Effect vs. Cd Effect + Zn Effect Character of Cd-Zn Interaction |
|
| LPO | 17.81 ‡ | 11.69 † | 11.37 † | 0 vs. +72 3 + 0 0 vs. +72 Antagonism |
18.47 ‡ | 16.56 ‡ | 10.39 † | 0 vs. +72 + 0 0 vs. +72 Antagonism |
| MDA | 12.42 † | 45.01 ‡ | 20.75 ‡ | 0 vs. +46 + 0 0 vs. +46 Antagonism |
3.824 # | 43.68 ‡ | 20.19 ‡ | 0 vs. +46 + 0 0 vs. +46 Antagonism |
| 8-isoprostane | 7.857 † | 9.644 † | 13.79 ‡ | 0 vs. +59 + 0 0 vs. +59 Antagonism |
10.08 † | 4.457 * | 16.65 † | 0 vs. +59 + 0 0 vs. +59 Antagonism |
| PC | 6.302 * | 12.36 † | 15.39 ‡ | 0 vs. +54 + 0 0 vs. +54 Antagonism |
8.679 † | 35.31 ‡ | 18.31 ‡ | −22 vs. +54 + 0 −22 vs. +54 4 |
1 The outcomes of the ANOVA/MANOVA statistical test are expressed as F values and the level of statistical significance (p). F values having p < 0.05 are recognized statistically significant (where * p < 0.05, † p < 0.01, ‡ p < 0.001, # p = 0.06). 2 To describe the possible character of the interaction between Cd and Zn, the effect of co-administration of the two elements was compared to the sum of the effects of their action in the case of separate administration (Cd + Zn 30 effect vs. Cd effect + Zn 30 effect and Cd + Zn 60 effect vs. Cd effect + Zn 60 effect). The effects of Cd, Zn 30, Zn 60, Cd + Zn 30, and Cd + Zn 60 are shown as percentage differences (−, decrease; +, increase) vs. the control. The interaction between Cd and Zn (Cd-Zn 30 or Cd-Zn 60) was considered as antagonistic (antagonism) when the effect of co-administration of Cd and Zn (expressed as a percentage difference vs. the control) was below the sum of the effects noted in the case of their separate administration. 3 The values express percentage differences. 4 The description of the character of the interaction between Cd and Zn was impossible.