Table 1.

MicroRNA–FENDRR interactions affected in cancer, fibrosis and other diseases.

MicroRNA Binding to FENDRR		MicroRNA Target		Disease Association		Reference
MicroRNA	MicroRNA Binding Site on FENDRR (hg38)	Gene	Function	Disorder	FENDRR Expression
miR-15a-5p	Exon 4: 86,488,730–86,488,724	TUBA1A	Suppresses cell proliferation and viability	Cervical cancer	Decreased	[39]
miR-15b-5p	Exon 4: 86,488,743–86,488,723
miR-18a-5p	Exon 4: 86,488,853–86,488,840	IRF2	Pro-apoptotic, suppressor of cell migration and proliferation	Non-small cell lung cancer	n/a	[40]
		ING4	Growth inhibitor	Colorectal cancer	Decreased	[41]
		RUNX1	Pro-apoptotic TF, suppressor of cell proliferation, invasion and migration	Prostate cancer	Decreased	[42]
		NOTCH2	Pro-Endothelial–Mesenchymal Transition (EndMT), contributes to cardiac fibrosis	Hyperglycemia-induced EndMT and cardiac fibrosis	n/a	[43]
miR-106b (mouse)	Mouse Fendrr exon 5	Smad3	Inhibits FOXF1 expression, pro-fibrotic	TAC-induced cardiac fibrosis	Increased	[44]
miR-126	Exon 1: 86,509,005–86,508,980	VEGFA	Angiogenesis, apoptosis	Hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage	Increased	[45]
			Positively regulates multidrug resistance gene MRP1	Non-small cell lung cancer	n/a	[46]
		EGFL7	Tumor angiogenesis	Hepatocellular carcinoma	n/a	[47]
		SOX2	Positively regulates expression of PLAC1	Gastric cancer	n/a	[48]
miR-184	Exon 4: 86,487,935–86,487,917	MDR1 (ABCB1)	Drug transporter (miR-184 competes with HuR for FENDRR; FENDRR + HuR − MDR1; HuR > MDR1	Chronic myelogenous leukemia; chemotherapy resistance	Decreased	[49]
miR-214-3p	Exon 4: 86,488,737–86,488,725	TET2	DNA demethylation (loss of TET2 leads to hypermethylation of tumor suppressor RASSF1A promoter	Gastric cancer	Decreased	[50]
		PTEN	Tumor suppressor (negative regulator of Akt/PKB signaling)		n/a	[51]
	Six binding sites in exon 4	n/a	n/a	Lung fibrosis	Decreased	[35]
miR-362-5p	Exon 4: 86,487,984–86,487,963	NPR3	Suppresses p38-MAPK signaling	Hepatocellular carcinoma cells	Decreased	[52]
miR-423-5p	Exon 3: 86,490,399–86,490,388	GADD45B	Inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis	Hepatocellular carcinoma	Decreased	[53]
miR-424	n/a	FOXF1	Suppressor of cell proliferation	Lung cancer	Decreased	[33]
miR-761	Exon 4: 86,488,737–86,488725	n/a	Suppressor of cell motility and invasion	Non-small cell lung cancer	Decreased	[54]
		TIMP2	Inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and cell invasion	Non-small cell lung cancer	Decreased	[55]
miR-148a miR-195 miR-196b miR-301b	n/a	EPAS1	FENDRR-miR-mRNA potential associations deduced based on comparative gene expression analysis of TCGA-lung adenocarcinoma datasets	Non-small cell lung cancer	Decreased	[56]
		EDNRB
		n/a
		SOX21