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. 2021 Jan 26;10(2):177. doi: 10.3390/antiox10020177

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© 2021 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Overview of HO-1 mediated regulation of (A) macrophages, (B) neutrophils. (A) HO-1 improves mitochondrial respiration which in turn can modulate macrophage phenotype towards M2 phenotype. In addition, increase in HO-1 levels correlates with decreased MMP and RNI levels. (B) In neutrophils, HO-1 controls oxidative burst, decreases NADPH activation and shifts the neutrophil metabolism towards PPP. In addition, HO-1 also reduced the formation of NETosis and regulates neutrophil trafficking and recruitment. Together, these responses result in decreased inflammation and tissue pathology.