Table 1.

Thai medicinal plants used in present study and their preference cytotoxic activity against PANC-1 cells.

Scientific Name	Part Used	Family	Extraction Solvent	Preferential Cytotoxicity a
Phlogacanthuspulcherrimus	leaves	Acanthaceae	70% EtOH	>100
Clinacanthus nutans	leaves	Acanthaceae	70% EtOH	>100
Polyscias fruticosa	shoot	Araliaceae	70% EtOH	12.0 ± 1.5
Eupatorium stoechadosmum	leaves	Asteraceae	70% EtOH	>100
Gymnema inodorum	leaves	Asclepiadaceae	70% EtOH	38.0 ± 1.7
Dolichandrone serrulata	flowers	Bignoniaceae	70% EtOH	>100
Plukenetia volubilis	endocarps	Euphorbiaceae	70% EtOH	71.5 ± 1.5
Plectranthus amboinicus	leaves	Lamiaceae	70% EtOH	88.9 ± 1.8
Hibiscus sabdariffa	calyx	Malvaceae	70% EtOH	>100
Derris scandens	flowers	Papilionaceae	95% EtOH	0.8 ± 0.2
Antidesma thwaitesianum	leaves	Phyllanthaceae	70% EtOH	>100
Antidesma thwaitesianum	fruits	Phyllanthaceae	95% EtOH	90.8 ± 1.7
Piper sarmentosum	leaves	Piperaceae	70% EtOH	91.9 ± 1.8
Boesenbergia pandurata	rhizomes	Zingiberaceae	100% CH2Cl2	0.5 ± 0.1
Polygonum odoratum	leaves & twigs	Polgonaceae	70% EtOH	31.3 ± 1.4
Breynia vitis-idaea	leaves	Euphorbiaceae	70% EtOH	87.9 ± 1.3
Morinda citrifolia	fruits	Rubiaceae	70% EtOH	>100
Murraya paniculata	leaves	Rutaceae	70% EtOH	44.9 ± 1.8
Clausena anisata	leaves	Rutaceae	70% EtOH	>100
Citrus hystrix	leaves	Rutaceae	70% EtOH	56.4 ± 1.6
Citrus hystrix	fruit peels	Rutaceae	70% EtOH	8.9 ± 1.4
Zanthoxylum myriacanthum	pericarps	Rutaceae	70% EtOH	21.7 ± 2.1
Zanthoxylum myriacanthum	leaves	Rutaceae	70% EtOH	81.3 ± 1.8
Houttuynia cordata	leaves	Saururaceae	70% EtOH	>100
Kaempferia parviflora	rhizomes	Zingiberaceae	100% CH2Cl2	3.3 ± 0.5

^a Concentration (µg/mL) at which 50% of cancer cells were killed preferentially in the nutrient-deprived medium (NDM) without causing toxicity in the nutrient-rich medium (DMEM). Each value represents a mean ± SD of three replications.